{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T17:23:20Z","timestamp":1783013000947,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are emerging as a significant cause of bloodstream infections (BSIs), a major concern of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The high intrinsic resistance of NFGNB to antimicrobial compounds makes treatment of BSI difficult and expensive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NFGNB and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1230 blood culture samples were received in the department of microbiology during the study period of 3 months, which were processed by standard microbiological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Out of 255 (20.73%) positive blood culture samples, 105 (8.5%) Gram-negative bacilli were isolated, of which 41 (3.33%) NFGNB were identified. The most common isolate identified is\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      (21), followed by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (20). A higher percentage of antibiotic resistance was seen for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Acinetobacte<\/jats:italic>\n                      r spp. and even higher antibiotics like ceftazidime (87.5%) and gentamicin (92.5%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study will help us start empirical treatment and implement proper hospital infection control measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/npmj.npmj_97_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T05:00:47Z","timestamp":1782968447000},"page":"511-514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Non fermenting Gram-negative Bacilli Isolated from Blood Culture Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Ankita","family":"Poddar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yugeshwari R.","family":"Tiwade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shibanand Nepal","family":"Karmakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FMT, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1991.00400090089016","article-title":"Bacteremia in febrile patients. A clinical model for diagnosis","volume":"151","author":"Leibovici","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R2-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430060050006","article-title":"How bad are bacteremia and sepsis? Outcomes in a cohort with suspected bacteremia","volume":"155","author":"Bates","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R4-20260702","article-title":"Nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli","author":"Schreckenberger","journal-title":"Koneman's Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R6-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S104","DOI":"10.1086\/320183","article-title":"Emerging importance of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter species and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia as pathogens in seriously ill patients: Geographic patterns, epidemiological features, and trends in the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997-1999)","volume":"32","author":"Gales","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R7-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(70)80009-2","article-title":"Nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli of nosocomial interest","volume":"48","author":"Gardner","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"R8-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.760-766.2005","article-title":"Bloodstream infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: Risk factors for mortality and impact of inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy on outcome","volume":"49","author":"Kang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"R9-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.004606-0","article-title":"Identification of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria of clinical importance by an oligonucleotide array","volume":"58","author":"Su","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"R10-20260702","first-page":"324","article-title":"Characterization of nonfermenters from clinical samples","volume":"49","author":"Kharangate","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"R11-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/14.2.403","article-title":"Life-threatening Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"14","author":"Kielhofner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R12-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S117","DOI":"10.1086\/514912","article-title":"Clinical problems posed by multiresistant nonfermenting Gram-negative pathogens","volume":"27","author":"Quinn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R14-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1198-743x.2001.00330.x","article-title":"Evolution and epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and ESBL-producing microorganisms","volume":"7","author":"Gniadkowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"R15-20260702","first-page":"95","article-title":"Bacteraemia due to non fermenting gram negative bacilli in immunocompromised patients","volume":"11","author":"Rao","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ind J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"R16-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.10.3589-3594.2000","article-title":"Rapid differentiation of fermentative from nonfermentative gram negative bacilli in positive blood cultures by an impendance method","volume":"38","author":"Chang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R17-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1177\/0049475520979298","article-title":"Prevalence and antibiogram of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli in blood stream infections: Study in a tertiary care centre, Western Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"51","author":"Sarwat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"key":"R18-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00058-07","article-title":"Acinetobacter baumannii: Emergence of a successful pathogen","volume":"21","author":"Peleg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"R19-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-025-01274-4","article-title":"Growth in Anaerobic Bottles is an Independent Predictor of Mortality in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bloodstream Infections","volume":"15","author":"Marco","year":"2026","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"R20-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.11.015","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from patients hospitalised in intensive care units","volume":"27","author":"Wroblewska","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"R21-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.4103\/2278-0521.117915","article-title":"Prevalence of non-fermenting gram negative bacilli and their in vitro susceptibility pattern in a tertiary care hospital of Uttarakhand: A study from foothills of Himalayas","volume":"2","author":"Juyal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Saudi J Health Sci"},{"key":"R22-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00039","article-title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa lifestyle: A paradigm for adaptation, survival, and persistence","volume":"7","author":"Moradali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"R23-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.85150","article-title":"Emerging resistance of non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli in a tertiary care centre","volume":"54","author":"Samanta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol"},{"key":"R24-20260702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20181273","article-title":"Prevalence and antibiogram of nonfermenting gram negative bacilli isolates obtained from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital, Bathinda, Punjab, India","volume":"6","author":"Kaur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Res Med Sci"}],"container-title":["Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.4103\/npmj.npmj_97_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T16:55:21Z","timestamp":1783011321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.4103\/npmj.npmj_97_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/npmj.npmj_97_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["1117-1936","2468-6875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1117-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"2468-6875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-21","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-01","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}