{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:42:38Z","timestamp":1786725758026,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>JOURNAL\/nrgr\/04.03\/01300535-202506000-00027\/figure1\/v\/2026-05-07T073243Z\/r\/image-tiff<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a common cause of spinal cord injury, with longer symptom duration and higher myelopathy severity indicating a worse prognosis. While numerous studies have investigated serological biomarkers for acute spinal cord injury, few studies have explored such biomarkers for diagnosing degenerative cervical myelopathy. This study involved 30 patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (51.3 \u00b1 7.3 years old, 12 women and 18 men), seven healthy controls (25.7 \u00b1 1.7 years old, one woman and six men), and nine patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (51.9 \u00b1 8.6 years old, three women and six men). Analysis of blood samples from the three groups showed clear differences in transcriptomic characteristics. Enrichment analysis identified 128 differentially expressed genes that were enriched in patients with neurological disabilities. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis, we constructed a five-gene model (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TBCD<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TPM2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">PNKD<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">EIF4G2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">AP5Z1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) to diagnose degenerative cervical myelopathy with an accuracy of 93.5%. One-gene models (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TCAP<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SDHA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) identified mild and severe degenerative cervical myelopathy with accuracies of 83.3% and 76.7%, respectively. Signatures of two immune cell types (memory B cells and memory-activated CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells) predicted levels of lesions in degenerative cervical myelopathy with 80% accuracy. Our results suggest that peripheral blood RNA biomarkers could be used to predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-23-01069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T08:00:06Z","timestamp":1706774406000},"page":"1764-1775","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Peripheral blood RNA biomarkers can predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Zhenzhong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yawei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliang","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9647-5275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000547","article-title":"Cervical degenerative disease: systematic review of economic analyses","volume":"39","author":"Alvin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R2-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0303-0","article-title":"Degenerative cervical myelopathy - update and future directions","volume":"16","author":"Badhiwala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R3-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr088","article-title":"Tight squeeze, slow burn: inflammation and the aetiology of cervical myelopathy","volume":"134","author":"Beattie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R4-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113143","article-title":"Systemic inflammation in traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"325","author":"Bloom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R5-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.10.023","article-title":"An evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical radiculopathy from degenerative disorders","volume":"11","author":"Bono","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"R6-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3566-10.2011","article-title":"Multipotent adult progenitor cells prevent macrophage-mediated axonal dieback and promote regrowth after spinal cord injury","volume":"31","author":"Busch","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R7-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.347740","article-title":"Proteomics of serum exosomes identified fibulin-1 as a novel biomarker for mild cognitive impairment","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R8-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1193-6","article-title":"Valproic acid attenuates traumatic spinal cord injury-induced inflammation via STAT1 and NF-\u03baB pathway dependent of HDAC3","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R9-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4016","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab488","article-title":"Inhibiting mitochondrial fission rescues degeneration in hereditary spastic paraplegia neurons","volume":"145","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R10-20260507","first-page":"746","article-title":"Nonoperative management of cervical radiculopathy","volume":"93","author":"Childress","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"R11-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37986","article-title":"SDHA mutation with dominant transmission results in complex II deficiency with ocular, cardiac, and neurologic involvement","volume":"173","author":"Courage","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"R12-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318220abc0","article-title":"Headache rate and cost of care following lumbar puncture at a single tertiary care hospital","volume":"77","author":"Dakka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R13-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k186","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k186","article-title":"Degenerative cervical myelopathy","volume":"360","author":"Davies","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R14-20260507","first-page":"4635","article-title":"Infantile neurodegenerative disorder associated with mutations in TBCD, an essential gene in the tubulin heterodimer assembly pathway","volume":"25","author":"Edvardson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"R15-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70S","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568217701914","article-title":"A clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy: recommendations for patients with mild, moderate, and severe disease and nonmyelopathic patients with evidence of cord compression","volume":"7","author":"Fehlings","year":"2017","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"R16-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.3034","article-title":"Characterization of vascular disruption and blood-spinal cord barrier permeability following traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"31","author":"Figley","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"R17-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v033.i01","article-title":"Regularization paths for generalized linear models via coordinate descent","volume":"33","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"R18-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3567","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv310","article-title":"The clinical and genetic heterogeneity of paroxysmal dyskinesias","volume":"138","author":"Gardiner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R19-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R75","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-7-r75","article-title":"Gene expression changes with age in skin, adipose tissue, blood and brain","volume":"14","author":"Glass","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"R20-20260507","first-page":"1757","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease with sleep insufficiency: a cross-sectional study on correlations among clinical characteristics, orexin, its receptors, and the blood-brain barrier","volume":"18","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R21-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0079-7","article-title":"Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer disease: mapping the road to the clinic","volume":"14","author":"Hampel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R22-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24572","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging spectrum of succinate dehydrogenase-related infantile leukoencephalopathy","volume":"79","author":"Helman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R23-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64528","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064528","article-title":"The prevalence and phenotype of activated microglia\/macrophages within the spinal cord of the hyperostotic mouse (twy\/twy) changes in response to chronic progressive spinal cord compression: implications for human cervical compressive myelopathy","volume":"8","author":"Hirai","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R24-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082167","article-title":"Level-specific differences in systemic expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines after spinal cord injury","volume":"19","author":"Hong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R25-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797040","DOI":"10.3389\/fragi.2021.797040","article-title":"Gene expression analysis reveals age and ethnicity signatures between young and old adults in human PBMC","volume":"2","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Aging"},{"key":"R26-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007235","article-title":"Neuromuscular adverse events associated with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies: Systematic review","volume":"92","author":"Johansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R27-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858412467377","article-title":"Cervical spondylotic myelopathy: the clinical phenomenon and the current pathobiology of an increasingly prevalent and devastating disorder","volume":"19","author":"Kalsi-Ryan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"R28-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182a7f2c3","article-title":"Pathophysiology and natural history of cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"38","author":"Karadimas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R29-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.03.047","article-title":"Phosphorylated neurofilament subunit levels in the serum of cervical compressive myelopathy patients","volume":"22","author":"Kato","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"R30-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.03.003","article-title":"The acute phase serum zinc concentration is a reliable biomarker for predicting the functional outcome after spinal cord injury","volume":"41","author":"Kijima","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"R31-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E23","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000648","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scale in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"40","author":"Kopjar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R32-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307454","article-title":"Serum neurofilament light chain is a biomarker of human spinal cord injury severity and outcome","volume":"86","author":"Kuhle","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"R33-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1038\/s41393-019-0319-8","article-title":"Neurochemical biomarkers in spinal cord injury","volume":"57","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"R34-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20201795","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20201795","article-title":"Diagnostic blood RNA profiles for human acute spinal cord injury","volume":"218","author":"Kyritsis","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R35-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9138-x","article-title":"Role of Wnt signaling in central nervous system injury","volume":"53","author":"Lambert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"R36-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1021\/tx900086v","article-title":"Macrophages and inflammatory mediators in chemical toxicity: a battle of forces","volume":"22","author":"Laskin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"R37-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-021014-071814","article-title":"Episodic and electrical nervous system disorders caused by nonchannel genes","volume":"77","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"R38-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968319899920","article-title":"Biomarkers in traumatic spinal cord injury-technical and clinical considerations: a systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Leister","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"key":"R39-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2015.04.008","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy","volume":"26","author":"Leveque","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"R40-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.391306","article-title":"Screening biomarkers for spinal cord injury using weighted gene co-expression network analysis and machine learning","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R41-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-00109","article-title":"Biomarkers for neuromyelitis optica: a visual analysis of emerging research trends","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R42-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-022-10051-2","article-title":"Preoperative serum CA19-9 should be routinely measured in the colorectal patients with preoperative normal serum CEA: a multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"R43-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-016-0422-8","article-title":"FK506 attenuates the inflammation in rat spinal cord injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-\u03baB in microglia cells","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"R44-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.335832","article-title":"Emerging blood exosome-based biomarkers for preclinical and clinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R45-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"R46-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4611","article-title":"Spinal cord injury suppresses cutaneous inflammation: implications for peripheral wound healing","volume":"34","author":"Marbourg","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"R47-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddq105","article-title":"Functional muscle analysis of the Tcap knockout mouse","volume":"19","author":"Markert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"R48-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-009-0408-0","article-title":"Significance of serial S100b and NSE serum measurements in surgically treated patients with spondylotic cervical myelopathy","volume":"151","author":"Marquardt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"R49-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2016.08.005","article-title":"Biallelic TBCD mutations cause early-onset neurodegenerative encephalopathy","volume":"99","author":"Miyake","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"R50-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1099-2_2","article-title":"The Illumina sequencing protocol and the NovaSeq 6000 system","volume":"2242","author":"Modi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"R51-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2007.08.003","article-title":"The peripheral-blood transcriptome: new insights into disease and risk assessment","volume":"13","author":"Mohr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"R52-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02797","article-title":"Genetic analysis of genome-wide variation in human gene expression","volume":"430","author":"Morley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R53-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3337","article-title":"Robust enumeration of cell subsets from tissue expression profiles","volume":"12","author":"Newman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"R54-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E675","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000913","article-title":"Degenerative cervical myelopathy: epidemiology, genetics, and pathogenesis","volume":"40","author":"Nouri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"R55-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/95.1.87","article-title":"The pathogenesis of the spinal cord disorder associated with cervical spondylosis","volume":"95","author":"Nurick","year":"1972","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R56-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/95.1.101","article-title":"The natural history and the results of surgical treatment of the spinal cord disorder associated with cervical spondylosis","volume":"95","author":"Nurick","year":"1972","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R57-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-77","article-title":"pROC: an open-source package for R and S+ to analyze and compare ROC curves","volume":"12","author":"Robin","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"R58-20260507","first-page":"235","article-title":"The natural history of cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"66","author":"Sadasivan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"R59-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13522","article-title":"Effectiveness of clinical exome sequencing in adult patients with difficult-to-diagnose neurological disorders","volume":"145","author":"Sainio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"R60-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2022.101629","article-title":"Immune response after central nervous system injury","volume":"59","author":"Salvador","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"R61-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.01.010","article-title":"\u201cTissue-repairing\u201d blood-derived macrophages are essential for healing of the injured spinal cord: from skin-activated macrophages to infiltrating blood-derived cells?","volume":"24","author":"Schwartz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"R62-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11873","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-15158-x","article-title":"Evidence of impaired macroautophagy in human degenerative cervical myelopathy","volume":"12","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R63-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1038\/ng2142","article-title":"Population genomics of human gene expression","volume":"39","author":"Stranger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"R64-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1136678","article-title":"Relative impact of nucleotide and copy number variation on gene expression phenotypes","volume":"315","author":"Stranger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R65-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2014.04.021","article-title":"Phosphorylated neurofilament subunit NF-H becomes elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acutely worsening symptoms of compression myelopathy","volume":"21","author":"Takahashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"R66-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5549-5","article-title":"Axonal damage is remarkable in patients with acutely worsening symptoms of compression myelopathy: biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid samples","volume":"27","author":"Takahashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"R67-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1089\/bio.2019.0029","article-title":"Quality control of RNA extracted from PAXgene blood RNA tubes after different storage periods","volume":"17","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biopreserv Biobank"},{"key":"R68-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-012-0806-y","article-title":"CSF markers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"119","author":"Tarasiuk","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"R69-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(53)91847-9","article-title":"Mechanism and treatment of spinal-cord disorders associated with cervical spondylosis","volume":"1","author":"Taylor","year":"1953","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R70-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000951","article-title":"Degenerative cervical myelopathy: a spectrum of related disorders affecting the aging spine","volume":"4","author":"Tetreault","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurgery 77 Suppl"},{"key":"R71-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.020","article-title":"Significant predictors of outcome following surgery for the treatment of degenerative cervical myelopathy: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Tetreault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"key":"R72-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxs098","article-title":"PD-1 is a novel regulator of human B-cell activation","volume":"25","author":"Thibult","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"R73-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e3181da3a29","article-title":"Cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"16","author":"Tracy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"key":"R74-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2022.06.012","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of white matter injury and astrogliosis are associated with the severity and surgical outcome of degenerative cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"22","author":"Tsitsopoulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"R75-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.8.SPINE20965","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of glial and axonal injury in cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"34","author":"Tsitsopoulos","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"R76-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00542-2","article-title":"The mechanisms and roles of selective autophagy in mammals","volume":"24","author":"Vargas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"R77-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10759","article-title":"Blood-spinal cord barrier after spinal cord injury: relation to revascularization and wound healing","volume":"74","author":"Whetstone","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"R78-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-013-0254-x","article-title":"Programmed death 1 deficiency induces the polarization of macrophages\/microglia to the M1 phenotype after spinal cord injury in mice","volume":"11","author":"Yao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"R79-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr054","article-title":"Human neuropathological and animal model evidence supporting a role for Fas-mediated apoptosis and inflammation in cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"134","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R80-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-11-65","article-title":"Chronic thoracic spinal cord injury impairs CD8+ T-cell function by up-regulating programmed cell death-1 expression","volume":"11","author":"Zha","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R81-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.10.032","article-title":"Eukaryotic initiation factor 4 gamma 2 contributes to neuropathic pain through down-regulation of Kv1.2 and the mu opioid receptor in mouse primary sensory neurones","volume":"126","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R82-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-021-00683-y","article-title":"Emerging role of PD-1 in the central nervous system and brain diseases","volume":"37","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"R83-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-07-864843","article-title":"An ATF6-tPA pathway in hepatocytes contributes to systemic fibrinolysis and is repressed by DACH1","volume":"133","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"R84-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.121693","article-title":"Circulating miR-107 as a diagnostic biomarker of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture increases bone formation in vitro and in vivo","volume":"323","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"R85-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.373675","article-title":"Saliva: a challenging human fluid to diagnose brain disorders with a focus on Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Z\u00fcrcher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"}],"container-title":["Neural Regeneration Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-23-01069","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:25:19Z","timestamp":1786724719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-23-01069"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-23-01069","relation":{},"ISSN":["1673-5374","1876-7958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1673-5374","type":"print"},{"value":"1876-7958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-23","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}