{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T02:03:24Z","timestamp":1789524204664,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":164,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Meningeal lymphatic vessels form a relationship between the nervous system and periphery, which is relevant in both health and disease. Meningeal lymphatic vessels not only play a key role in the drainage of brain metabolites but also contribute to antigen delivery and immune cell activation. The advent of novel genomic technologies has enabled rapid progress in the characterization of myeloid and lymphoid cells and their interactions with meningeal lymphatic vessels within the central nervous system. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of meningeal lymphatic vessels within the context of the central nervous system immune network, highlighting recent discoveries on the immunological niche provided by meningeal lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, we delve into the mechanisms of crosstalk between meningeal lymphatic vessels and immune cells in the central nervous system under both homeostatic conditions and neurodegenerative diseases, discussing how these interactions shape the pathological outcomes. Regulation of meningeal lymphatic vessel function and structure can influence lymphatic drainage, cerebrospinal fluid-borne immune modulators, and immune cell populations in aging and neurodegenerative disorders, thereby playing a key role in shaping meningeal and brain parenchyma immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-23-01595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T01:05:57Z","timestamp":1718672757000},"page":"763-778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Meningeal lymphatic vessel crosstalk with central nervous system immune cells in aging and neurodegenerative diseases"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1334-8378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minghuang","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijie","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weicheng","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaona","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kongli","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7626-676X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29738","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.29738","article-title":"Human and nonhuman primate meninges harbor lymphatic vessels that can be visualized noninvasively by MRI","volume":"6","author":"Absinta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"R2-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2545","article-title":"The lymphatic vasculature in disease","volume":"17","author":"Alitalo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R3-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-102319-103410","article-title":"Meningeal immunity and its function in maintenance of the central nervous system in health and disease","volume":"38","author":"Alves de Lima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R4-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-0776-4","article-title":"Meningeal \u03b3\u03b4 T cells regulate anxiety-like behavior via IL-17a signaling in neurons","volume":"21","author":"Alves de Lima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"R5-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3645","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20170391","article-title":"Development and plasticity of meningeal lymphatic vessels","volume":"214","author":"Antila","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R6-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20142290","article-title":"A dural lymphatic vascular system that drains brain interstitial fluid and macromolecules","volume":"212","author":"Aspelund","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R7-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0192-3","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of brain region-specific microglia clearance activity","volume":"21","author":"Ayata","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R8-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2005.07.005","article-title":"Alterations of T-lymphocyte populations in Parkinson disease","volume":"11","author":"Baba","year":"2005","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"R9-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1430","article-title":"CNS myeloid DCs presenting endogenous myelin peptides \u2018preferentially\u2019 polarize CD4+ T(H)-17 cells in relapsing EAE","volume":"8","author":"Bailey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"R10-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7967","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8967","article-title":"Breaking immune tolerance by targeting Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells mitigates Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology","volume":"6","author":"Baruch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"R11-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4022","article-title":"PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade reduces pathology and improves memory in mouse models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Baruch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R12-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-006-0065-1","article-title":"Antigen presentation in autoimmunity and CNS inflammation: how T lymphocytes recognize the brain","volume":"84","author":"Becher","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Mol Med (Berl)"},{"key":"R13-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-022-00211-z","article-title":"Thymic self-antigen expression for immune tolerance and surveillance","volume":"42","author":"Benlaribi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflamm Regen"},{"key":"R14-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1376","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001376","article-title":"Nitrated alpha-synuclein immunity accelerates degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons","volume":"3","author":"Benner","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R15-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10578","article-title":"Efficient central nervous system remyelination requires T cells","volume":"53","author":"Bieber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R16-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4524","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18113-4","article-title":"Meningeal lymphatic dysfunction exacerbates traumatic brain injury pathogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Bolte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"R17-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)00080-7","article-title":"Impact of negative selection on the T cell repertoire reactive to a self-peptide: a large fraction of T cell clones escapes clonal deletion","volume":"13","author":"Bouneaud","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R18-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4558","article-title":"Mural lymphatic endothelial cells regulate meningeal angiogenesis in the zebrafish","volume":"20","author":"Bower","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R19-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabf9277","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf9277","article-title":"Heterogeneity of meningeal B cells reveals a lymphopoietic niche at the CNS borders","volume":"373","author":"Brioschi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R20-20260505","first-page":"182","article-title":"Infiltration of CD4+ lymphocytes into the brain contributes to neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson disease","volume":"119","author":"Brochard","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R21-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200947","article-title":"IFN-\u03b3 production by amyloid \u03b2-specific Th1 cells promotes microglial activation and increases plaque burden in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"190","author":"Browne","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R22-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0132-6","article-title":"Oxidative stress, dysfunctional glucose metabolism and Alzheimer disease","volume":"20","author":"Butterfield","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"R23-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10144","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of angiogenesis","volume":"473","author":"Carmeliet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R24-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2019.03.022","article-title":"Cerebrovascular injuries induce lymphatic invasion into brain parenchyma to guide vascular regeneration in zebrafish","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"R25-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.10.016","article-title":"Emerging roles of innate and adaptive immunity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"55","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R26-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5767","article-title":"DSCR1 upregulation enhances dural meningeal lymphatic drainage to attenuate amyloid pathology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"255","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"R27-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.11.010","article-title":"The meninges-a cradle and school for nurturing and educating developing B cells","volume":"54","author":"Clatworthy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R28-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202000907","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.202000907","article-title":"Meningeal lymphoid structures are activated under acute and chronic spinal cord pathologies","volume":"4","author":"Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci Alliance"},{"key":"R29-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabf7844","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf7844","article-title":"Skull and vertebral bone marrow are myeloid cell reservoirs for the meninges and CNS parenchyma","volume":"373","author":"Cugurra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R30-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2960","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.5.2960","article-title":"Sphingosine-1-phosphate mediates migration of mature dendritic cells","volume":"175","author":"Czeloth","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R31-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.09.022","article-title":"The meningeal lymphatic system: a new player in neurophysiology","volume":"100","author":"Da Mesquita","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"R32-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabe4601","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abe4601","article-title":"Aging-associated deficit in CCR7 is linked to worsened glymphatic function, cognition, neuroinflammation, and \u03b2-amyloid pathology","volume":"7","author":"Da Mesquita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"R33-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0368-8","article-title":"Functional aspects of meningeal lymphatics in ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"560","author":"Da Mesquita","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R34-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03489-0","article-title":"Meningeal lymphatics affect microglia responses and anti-A\u03b2 immunotherapy","volume":"593","author":"Da Mesquita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R35-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00039.2016","article-title":"Neuroimmune interactions: from the brain to the immune system and vice versa","volume":"98","author":"Dantzer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"R36-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1472","article-title":"ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo","volume":"8","author":"Davalos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R37-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02605-9","article-title":"The role of the adaptive immune system and T cell dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"19","author":"DeMaio","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R38-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3871","article-title":"Immunopathology of multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Dendrou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R39-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091419","article-title":"Regulation of learning and memory by meningeal immunity: a key role for IL-4","volume":"207","author":"Derecki","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R40-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-01198-1","article-title":"Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in patients with idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R41-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4528","article-title":"Regulatory T cells promote myelin regeneration in the central nervous system","volume":"20","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R42-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15531","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015531","article-title":"Functional and pathogenic differences of Th1 and Th17 cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"5","author":"Domingues","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R43-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28473","article-title":"Global and regional changes in perivascular space in idiopathic and familial Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"36","author":"Donahue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"R44-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0253-6","article-title":"When encephalitogenic T cells collaborate with microglia in multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R45-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-25666-4","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging provides evidence of glymphatic drainage from human brain to cervical lymph nodes","volume":"8","author":"Eide","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R46-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2005.07.004","article-title":"The ins and outs of T-lymphocyte trafficking to the CNS: anatomical sites and molecular mechanisms","volume":"26","author":"Engelhardt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"R47-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-111315-124944","article-title":"Lymphangiogenesis: origin, specification, and cell fate determination","volume":"32","author":"Escobedo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"R48-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301707","article-title":"Th1 polarization of T cells injected into the cerebrospinal fluid induces brain immunosurveillance","volume":"192","author":"Fisher","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R49-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1994.tb02699.x","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease and immunological abnormalities: increase of HLA-DR expression on monocytes in cerebrospinal fluid and of CD45RO+ T cells in peripheral blood","volume":"90","author":"Fiszer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"R50-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2297","article-title":"CCR7 and its ligands: balancing immunity and tolerance","volume":"8","author":"F\u00f6rster","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R51-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07391","article-title":"Sox18 induces development of the lymphatic vasculature in mice","volume":"456","author":"Fran\u00e7ois","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R52-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2017.136","article-title":"Regenerating CNS myelin - from mechanisms to experimental medicines","volume":"18","author":"Franklin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"R53-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1895-7","article-title":"Clonally expanded CD8 T cells patrol the cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"577","author":"Gate","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R54-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3671","article-title":"Monocytes and macrophages: developmental pathways and tissue homeostasis","volume":"14","author":"Ginhoux","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R55-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-022-00268-y","article-title":"Age-associated suppression of exploratory activity during sickness is linked to meningeal lymphatic dysfunction and microglia activation","volume":"2","author":"Goldman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Aging"},{"key":"R56-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5048","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1203121","article-title":"Dopamine receptor D3 expressed on CD4+ T cells favors neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons during Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"190","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R57-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3899","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.050021","article-title":"Macrophages define dermal lymphatic vessel calibre during development by regulating lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation","volume":"137","author":"Gordon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"R58-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01091-9","article-title":"The embryonic zebrafish brain is seeded by a lymphatic-dependent population of mrc1(+) microglia precursors","volume":"25","author":"Green","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R59-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.10.005","article-title":"Developmental and functional heterogeneity of monocytes","volume":"49","author":"Guilliams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R60-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-023-00600-5","article-title":"Activated immune cells drive neurodegeneration in an Alzheimer\u2019s model","volume":"615","author":"Guldner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R61-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.04.002","article-title":"Mechanisms and dynamics of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo","volume":"38","author":"Halle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"R62-20260505","first-page":"1950","article-title":"Immunological role of sulfatide in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Hamatani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R63-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0213-2","article-title":"Direct vascular channels connect skull bone marrow and the brain surface enabling myeloid cell migration","volume":"21","author":"Herisson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R64-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179069519889027","DOI":"10.1177\/1179069519889027","article-title":"Meningeal lymphatics: a review and future directions from a clinical perspective","volume":"14","author":"Hershenhouse","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Insights"},{"key":"R65-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.1999.0168","article-title":"Leukocyte traffic in the central nervous system: the participants and their roles","volume":"11","author":"Hickey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"R66-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00446","article-title":"Modes of antigen presentation by lymph node stromal cells and their immunological implications","volume":"6","author":"Hirosue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"R67-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.7b00063","article-title":"Immunochemical detection of \u03b1-synuclein autoantibodies in Parkinson\u2019s disease: correlation between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels","volume":"8","author":"Horvath","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"R68-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01158-6","article-title":"Neuroinflammation creates an immune regulatory niche at the meningeal lymphatic vasculature near the cribriform plate","volume":"23","author":"Hsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"R69-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-08163-0","article-title":"Neuroinflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis near the cribriform plate contributes to drainage of CNS-derived antigens and immune cells","volume":"10","author":"Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"R70-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0287-8","article-title":"Meningeal lymphatic vessels regulate brain tumor drainage and immunity","volume":"30","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"R71-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24081","article-title":"Meningeal lymphatic endothelial cells fulfill scavenger endothelial cell function and cooperate with microglia in waste removal from the brain","volume":"70","author":"Huisman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"R72-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147ra111","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003748","article-title":"A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid \u03b2","volume":"4","author":"Iliff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"R73-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7169","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901906","article-title":"Th1, Th17, and Th9 effector cells induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with different pathological phenotypes","volume":"183","author":"J\u00e4ger","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R74-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-022-00942-z","article-title":"Overview of the meningeal lymphatic vessels in aging and central nervous system disorders","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Biosci"},{"key":"R75-20260505","first-page":"5259","article-title":"The chemokine CX3CL1 promotes trafficking of dendritic cells through inflamed lymphatics","volume":"126","author":"Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"R76-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3750","article-title":"Dendritic cells enter lymph vessels by hyaluronan-mediated docking to the endothelial receptor LYVE-1","volume":"18","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"R77-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.070225","article-title":"CXCL12-CXCR4 engagement is required for migration of cutaneous dendritic cells","volume":"171","author":"Kabashima","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"R78-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1013","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor C is required for sprouting of the first lymphatic vessels from embryonic veins","volume":"5","author":"Karkkainen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"R79-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.05.018","article-title":"A unique microglia type associated with restricting development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"169","author":"Keren-Shaul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"R80-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0201-x","article-title":"Macrophages at CNS interfaces: ontogeny and function in health and disease","volume":"20","author":"Kierdorf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"R81-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI71607","article-title":"Inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis: a double-edged sword?","volume":"124","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R82-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80314-3","article-title":"The \u201cclonal selection hypothesis\u201d and current concepts of B cell tolerance","volume":"5","author":"Klinman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R83-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4610","article-title":"High-dimensional, single-cell characterization of the brain\u2019s immune compartment","volume":"20","author":"Korin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R84-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-013-7145-2","article-title":"Immune cell subtyping in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurological diseases","volume":"261","author":"Kowarik","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"R85-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4891","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.21.4891","article-title":"Quantitative developmental anatomy of definitive haematopoietic stem cells\/long-term repopulating units (HSC\/RUs): role of the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region and the yolk sac in colonisation of the mouse embryonic liver","volume":"129","author":"Kumaravelu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"R86-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww270","article-title":"Hippocampal T cell infiltration promotes neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in a mouse model of tauopathy","volume":"140","author":"Laurent","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R87-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25022","article-title":"From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes","volume":"553","author":"Laurenti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R88-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(89)90145-8","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: oligodendrocytes in active lesions do not express class II major histocompatibility complex molecules","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"R89-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.357903","article-title":"Neuro faces of beneficial T cells: essential in brain, impaired in aging and neurological diseases, and activated functionally by neurotransmitters and neuropeptides","volume":"18","author":"Levite","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R90-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-021-01198-3","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation increases the brain\u2019s drainage efficiency in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"R91-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.08.012","article-title":"Astrocyte Crosstalk in CNS Inflammation","volume":"108","author":"Linnerbauer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"R92-20260505","first-page":"0030","article-title":"Delivery of biomimetic liposomes via meningeal lymphatic vessels route for targeted therapy of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Research (Wash D C)"},{"key":"R93-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3210","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI90603","article-title":"Understanding the functions and relationships of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics","volume":"127","author":"Louveau","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R94-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14432","article-title":"Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels","volume":"523","author":"Louveau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R95-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0227-9","article-title":"CNS lymphatic drainage and neuroinflammation are regulated by meningeal lymphatic vasculature","volume":"21","author":"Louveau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R96-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2003.10.056","article-title":"Intracerebral expression of CXCL13 and BAFF is accompanied by formation of lymphoid follicle-like structures in the meninges of mice with relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"148","author":"Magliozzi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"R97-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2800","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm236","article-title":"Lesion genesis in a subset of patients with multiple sclerosis: a role for innate immunity?","volume":"130","author":"Marik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R98-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/157161a0","article-title":"Relationship between the antigens of blood and skin","volume":"157","author":"Medawar","year":"1946","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R99-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2019.07.008","article-title":"The CNS immune landscape from the viewpoint of a T cell","volume":"42","author":"Mundt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R100-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaau8380","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aau8380","article-title":"Conventional DCs sample and present myelin antigens in the healthy CNS and allow parenchymal T cell entry to initiate neuroinflammation","volume":"4","author":"Mundt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"R101-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2019.02.001","article-title":"Priming microglia for innate immune memory in the brain","volume":"40","author":"Neher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"R102-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3181919a48","article-title":"Neuropathology and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer disease: a complex but coherent relationship","volume":"68","author":"Nelson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R103-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.19","article-title":"Mechanisms of central tolerance for B cells","volume":"17","author":"Nemazee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R104-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.035360","article-title":"Endothelial cell plasticity: how to become and remain a lymphatic endothelial cell","volume":"137","author":"Oliver","year":"2010","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"R105-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2665","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh625","article-title":"A possible role for humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"128","author":"Orr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R106-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.144.3.604","article-title":"Cellular events in the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rats","volume":"144","author":"Ortiz-Ortiz","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R107-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900838","article-title":"Meningeal lymphatics: from anatomy to central nervous system immune surveillance","volume":"204","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R108-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27798","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging-visible perivascular spaces in basal ganglia predict cognitive decline in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"34","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"R109-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0312-x","article-title":"Dural lymphatics regulate clearance of extracellular tau from the CNS","volume":"14","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"R110-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.127.4.1420","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in SJL\/J mice after in vitro activation of lymph node cells by myelin basic protein: requirement for Lyt 1+ 2- T lymphocytes","volume":"127","author":"Pettinelli","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R111-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4475","article-title":"The role of peripheral immune cells in the CNS in steady state and disease","volume":"20","author":"Prinz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R112-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3703","article-title":"Ontogeny and homeostasis of CNS myeloid cells","volume":"18","author":"Prinz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"R113-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2923","article-title":"Heterogeneity of CNS myeloid cells and their roles in neurodegeneration","volume":"14","author":"Prinz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R114-20260505","first-page":"5577","article-title":"Phosphorylation modification of alpha synuclein in serum of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Qi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu"},{"key":"R115-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-11594-5","article-title":"Neuroimaging uncovers distinct relationships of glymphatic dysfunction and motor symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"270","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"R116-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199908)46:2<144::AID-ANA3>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Demyelination in primate autoimmune encephalomyelitis and acute multiple sclerosis lesions: a case for antigen-specific antibody mediation","volume":"46","author":"Raine","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R117-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3265","article-title":"The anatomical and cellular basis of immune surveillance in the central nervous system","volume":"12","author":"Ransohoff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R118-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.07.001","article-title":"How do meningeal lymphatic vessels drain the CNS?","volume":"39","author":"Raper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R119-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22459","article-title":"Microglial activation and expression of immune-related genes in a rat ex vivo nervous system model after infection with Listeria monocytogenes","volume":"61","author":"Remuzgo-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"R120-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0507296","article-title":"Neuroprotective activities of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in an animal model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"82","author":"Reynolds","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"R121-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901852","article-title":"Regulatory T cells attenuate Th17 cell-mediated nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration in a model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"184","author":"Reynolds","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R122-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.12.040","article-title":"Functional characterization of the dural sinuses as a neuroimmune interface","volume":"184","author":"Rustenhoven","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"R123-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0233-2","article-title":"B cells in autoimmune and neurodegenerative central nervous system diseases","volume":"20","author":"Sabatino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"R124-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-021-00880-y","article-title":"Single-cell profiling of CNS border compartment leukocytes reveals that B cells and their progenitors reside in non-diseased meninges","volume":"24","author":"Schafflick","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R125-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16939","article-title":"Effector T-cell trafficking between the leptomeninges and the cerebrospinal fluid","volume":"530","author":"Schl\u00e4ger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R126-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01081","article-title":"Immune cell activation in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Schr\u00f6der","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"R127-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2004.tb00049.x","article-title":"Detection of ectopic B-cell follicles with germinal centers in the meninges of patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Serafini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"R128-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC7","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-11-j0004.1999","article-title":"Exacerbation of facial motoneuron loss after facial nerve transection in severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice","volume":"19","author":"Serpe","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R129-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.05.020","article-title":"Bone marrow hematopoiesis drives multiple sclerosis progression","volume":"185","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"R130-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6196","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7196","article-title":"TH2 cells and their cytokines regulate formation and function of lymphatic vessels","volume":"6","author":"Shin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"R131-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2019.04.019","article-title":"Th17 lymphocytes induce neuronal cell death in a human iPSC-based model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"24","author":"Sommer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"R132-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1912-x","article-title":"VEGF-C-driven lymphatic drainage enables immunosurveillance of brain tumours","volume":"577","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R133-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-015-0251-x","article-title":"Reduced \u03b2-amyloid pathology in an APP transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease lacking functional B and T cells","volume":"3","author":"Sp\u00e4ni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"R134-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-021-02384-2","article-title":"Microglia and monocytes in inflammatory CNS disease: integrating phenotype and function","volume":"143","author":"Spiteri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"R135-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0846","article-title":"The thymus and central tolerance","volume":"356","author":"Sprent","year":"2001","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"R136-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141107","article-title":"Positive and negative selection of T cells","volume":"21","author":"Starr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R137-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22815","article-title":"T cells from patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease recognize \u03b1-synuclein peptides","volume":"546","author":"Sulzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R138-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-05763-0","article-title":"A lymphatic waste-disposal system implicated in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"560","author":"Sweeney","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R139-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.188","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"14","author":"Sweeney","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R140-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.045","article-title":"Lymphangiogenesis: Molecular mechanisms and future promise","volume":"140","author":"Tammela","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"R141-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a006296","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006296","article-title":"The genetics of Alzheimer disease","volume":"2","author":"Tanzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"key":"R142-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-017-0617-z","article-title":"Evaluation of glymphatic system activity with the diffusion MR technique: diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) in Alzheimer\u2019s disease cases","volume":"35","author":"Taoka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"key":"R143-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.12.078","article-title":"T cell migration from inflamed skin to draining lymph nodes requires intralymphatic crawling supported by ICAM-1\/LFA-1 interactions","volume":"18","author":"Teijeira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"R144-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/302575a0","article-title":"Somatic generation of antibody diversity","volume":"302","author":"Tonegawa","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R145-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240211","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: involvement of interferons in lesion pathogenesis","volume":"24","author":"Traugott","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R146-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6217550","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: distribution of T cell subsets within active chronic lesions","volume":"219","author":"Traugott","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R147-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032414-112220","article-title":"Macrophages: development and tissue specialization","volume":"33","author":"Varol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R148-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12656","article-title":"Deep cervical lymph node ligation aggravates AD-like pathology of APP\/PS1 mice","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"R149-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.371365","article-title":"A novel phenotype of B cells associated with enhanced phagocytic capability and chemotactic function after ischemic stroke","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R150-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.09.016","article-title":"Early developing B cells undergo negative selection by central nervous system-specific antigens in the meninges","volume":"54","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R151-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0506304","article-title":"Transgenic expression of CSF-1 in CSF-1 receptor-expressing cells leads to macrophage activation, osteoporosis, and early death","volume":"80","author":"Wei","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"R152-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-008-0457-0","article-title":"Lymphatic drainage of the brain and the pathophysiology of neurological disease","volume":"117","author":"Weller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"R153-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0023-4","article-title":"Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks","volume":"556","author":"Wendeln","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R154-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201847540","article-title":"Microglial MHC class II is dispensable for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and cuprizone-induced demyelination","volume":"48","author":"Wolf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"R155-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a006957","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006957","article-title":"T-cell tolerance: central and peripheral","volume":"4","author":"Xing","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"R156-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.593046","article-title":"Role of T lymphocytes and interferon-gamma in ischemic stroke","volume":"113","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R157-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/317355a0","article-title":"T-cell clones specific for myelin basic protein induce chronic relapsing paralysis and demyelination","volume":"317","author":"Zamvil","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R158-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.346462","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of miR-125a-5p on experimental optic neuritis by promoting the differentiation of Treg cells","volume":"18","author":"Zhan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R159-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e75786","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0075786","article-title":"Th17 cell-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in neurodegeneration of a\u03b21\u201342-induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease model rats","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R160-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.07.010","article-title":"CD8(+) T cells: foot soldiers of the immune system","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R161-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-022-00639-5","article-title":"Meningeal lymphatics regulate radiotherapy efficacy through modulating anti-tumor immunity","volume":"32","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"R162-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25670","article-title":"Impairment of the glymphatic pathway and putative meningeal lymphatic vessels in the aging human","volume":"87","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R163-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1629","article-title":"Immune cells contribute to the maintenance of neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood","volume":"9","author":"Ziv","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R164-20260505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-019-0147-y","article-title":"Blocking meningeal lymphatic drainage aggravates Parkinson\u2019s disease-like pathology in mice overexpressing mutated \u03b1-synuclein","volume":"8","author":"Zou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"}],"container-title":["Neural Regeneration Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-23-01595","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:41:30Z","timestamp":1786650090000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-23-01595"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"references-count":164,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-23-01595","relation":{},"ISSN":["1673-5374","1876-7958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1673-5374","type":"print"},{"value":"1876-7958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-21","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}