{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T16:17:00Z","timestamp":1788020220279,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":161,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0 http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Current pharmacotherapy for neurodegenerative diseases is limited to providing symptomatic relief, instead of slowing or reversing disease progression. As a form of neuromodulation surgery, deep brain stimulation delivers electrical pulses through implanted electrodes in targeted brain regions and has been used to alleviate symptoms in neurodegenerative diseases. Depending on the precise targeting of neural modulation, deep brain stimulation is being explored for its potential to manage symptoms and improve overall quality of life in neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive impairment, such as Alzheimer\u2019s disease and dementia in Parkinson\u2019s disease. The nucleus basalis of Meynert, a critical component of the cerebral cholinergic system and the Papez circuit, is considered as a promising target for treating cognitive dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases due to its essential role in regulating cognition, memory, and attention. However, the comprehensive mechanisms by which deep brain stimulation of nucleus basalis of Meynert affects neurodegenerative diseases with cognitive impairment remain largely uncharacterized. Nonetheless, various hypotheses and evidence from animal and clinical studies suggest mechanisms such as the modeulation of the cholinergic system, increased glucose metabolism and regional cerebral blood flow, neuroprotective effects, and the modulation of neural networks. In this review, we update the advances in research regarding the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of deep brain stimulation of nucleus basalis of Meynert on cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, we examine the anatomy, connectivity, and physiological functions of the nucleus basalis of Meynert. Deep brain stimulation of nucleus basalis of Meynert may improve cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative diseases through multiple mechanisms; however, further larger-scale, multi-center clinical trials conducted at earlier disease stages are necessary to fully confirm its efficacy and safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-24-00838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T08:23:31Z","timestamp":1743755011000},"page":"2889-2898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in neurodegenerative diseases with cognitive impairment: An update on evidence and mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xuyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liwu","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumei","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1585-8491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huicong","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(90)90452-H","article-title":"Stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert and substantia innominata produces widespread increases in cerebral blood flow in the frontal, parietal and occipital cortices","volume":"514","author":"Adachi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R2-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90214-T","article-title":"Responses of regional cerebral blood flow following focal electrical stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert and the medial septum using the [14C]iodoantipyrine method in rats","volume":"112","author":"Adachi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R3-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X13666150403231920","article-title":"Nerve growth factor: a focus on neuroscience and therapy","volume":"13","author":"Aloe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"R4-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb4588","article-title":"Julich-Brain: a 3D probabilistic atlas of the human brain\u2019s cytoarchitecture","volume":"369","author":"Amunts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R5-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-02-00516.1997","article-title":"Plastic neuronal remodeling is impaired in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease carrying apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele","volume":"17","author":"Arendt","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R6-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11219","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.20.11219","article-title":"Induction of a physiological memory in the cerebral cortex by stimulation of the nucleus basalis","volume":"93","author":"Bakin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R7-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12626","article-title":"Neuroanatomical characteristics associated with response to deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Baldermann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"R8-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00145-X","article-title":"Effects of cholinergic enhancement on visual stimulation, spatial attention, and spatial working memory","volume":"41","author":"Bentley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"R9-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp176","article-title":"Modulation of fusiform cortex activity by cholinesterase inhibition predicts effects on subsequent memory","volume":"132","author":"Bentley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R10-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90370-4","article-title":"Stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert increases cerebral cortical blood flow in rats","volume":"98","author":"Biesold","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R11-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E42","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl025","article-title":"Nucleus subputaminalis: neglected part of the basal nucleus of Meynert","volume":"129","author":"Boban","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R12-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.305306","article-title":"Effects of nucleus basalis magnocellularis stimulation on a socially transmitted food preference and c-Fos expression","volume":"13","author":"Boix-Trelis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Learn Mem"},{"key":"R13-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.06.720","article-title":"Resting state oscillatory brain dynamics in Parkinson\u2019s disease: an MEG study","volume":"117","author":"Bosboom","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R14-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-008-0132-6","article-title":"MEG resting state functional connectivity in Parkinson\u2019s disease related dementia","volume":"116","author":"Bosboom","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"R15-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(83)90045-X","article-title":"Pathological changes in the nucleus of Meynert in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases","volume":"59","author":"Candy","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R16-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13510","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert for Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia: a 36 months follow up study","volume":"9","author":"Cappon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"key":"R17-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.10.059","article-title":"High-frequency stimulation of the hippocampus protects against seizure activity and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis induced by kainic acid administration in macaques","volume":"256","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R18-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-201141","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: targeting the nucleus basalis of Meynert","volume":"80","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"R19-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2013.06.004","article-title":"Decoding Alzheimer\u2019s disease from perturbed cerebral glucose metabolism: implications for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies","volume":"108","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"R20-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e700","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013206","article-title":"Association of cognitive impairment with free water in the nucleus basalis of Meynert and locus coeruleus to transentorhinal cortex tract","volume":"98","author":"Chu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R21-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002839","article-title":"Cholinergic and perfusion brain networks in Parkinson disease dementia","volume":"87","author":"Colloby","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R22-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2022.10.005","article-title":"Free water fraction predicts cognitive decline for individuals with idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"104","author":"Crowley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"R23-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2971","article-title":"Cholinergic modulation of a specific memory function of prefrontal cortex","volume":"14","author":"Croxson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R24-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.2174\/156720507781788774","article-title":"NGF-cholinergic dependency in brain aging, MCI and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"4","author":"Cuello","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"key":"R25-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2023.110672","article-title":"Glucose metabolism impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"199","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"R26-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100037070","article-title":"Cell loss from the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"Doucette","year":"1986","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R27-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13749","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert attenuates early EEG components associated with defective sensory gating in patients with Alzheimer disease - a two-case study","volume":"51","author":"D\u00fcrschmid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"R28-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.034","article-title":"A new SPM toolbox for combining probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps and functional imaging data","volume":"25","author":"Eickhoff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"R29-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.024","article-title":"Brain templates and atlases","volume":"62","author":"Evans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"R30-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.252","article-title":"Axial disability and deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson disease","volume":"11","author":"Fasano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R31-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa012","article-title":"Basal forebrain volume reliably predicts the cortical spread of Alzheimer\u2019s degeneration","volume":"143","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Cabello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R32-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X13666150716165726","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: targeting the cholinergic system","volume":"14","author":"Ferreira-Vieira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"R33-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/329065a0","article-title":"Amelioration of cholinergic neuron atrophy and spatial memory impairment in aged rats by nerve growth factor","volume":"329","author":"Fischer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R34-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2023.106045","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of thalamus for epilepsy","volume":"179","author":"Fisher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"R35-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.102","article-title":"Cognitive functions in a patient with Parkinson-dementia syndrome undergoing deep brain stimulation","volume":"66","author":"Freund","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"R36-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27988","article-title":"Clinical and cerebral metabolic changes in Parkinson\u2019s disease with basal forebrain atrophy","volume":"35","author":"Gang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"R37-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.02.009","article-title":"Long-term progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in patients under antidementia drugs","volume":"7","author":"Gillette-Guyonnet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"R38-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2022.104846","article-title":"The PI3K-AKT pathway: a plausible therapeutic target in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"129","author":"Goyal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"key":"R39-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.3762","article-title":"Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert for Parkinson disease dementia: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"75","author":"Gratwicke","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"R40-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.09.003","article-title":"The nucleus basalis of Meynert: a new target for deep brain stimulation in dementia?","volume":"37","author":"Gratwicke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"R41-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117184","article-title":"Resting state activity and connectivity of the nucleus basalis of Meynert and globus pallidus in Lewy body dementia and Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia","volume":"221","author":"Gratwicke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"R42-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2020.04.010","article-title":"Bilateral nucleus basalis of Meynert deep brain stimulation for dementia with Lewy bodies: A randomised clinical trial","volume":"13","author":"Gratwicke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"R43-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14052","article-title":"Cholinergic modulation of the hippocampal region and memory function","volume":"2","author":"Haam","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurochem 142 Suppl"},{"key":"R44-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90415-6","article-title":"Effect of stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert on blood flow and extracellular lactate in the cerebral cortex with special reference to the effect of noxious stimulation of skin and hypoxia","volume":"116","author":"Hallstr\u00f6m","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R45-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.3606","article-title":"Selective vulnerability of the nucleus basalis of Meynert among neuropathologic subtypes of Alzheimer disease","volume":"77","author":"Hanna Al-Shaikh","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"R46-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.01.031","article-title":"Selective cholinergic lesions in the rat nucleus basalis magnocellularis with limited damage in the medial septum specifically alter attention performance in the five-choice serial reaction time task","volume":"153","author":"Harati","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R47-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.05.013","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer\u2019s dementia: potential predictors of cognitive change and results of a long-term follow-up in eight patients","volume":"9","author":"Hardenacke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"R48-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51920","article-title":"Advances in the study of cholinergic circuits in the central nervous system","volume":"10","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"R49-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.12.006","article-title":"Theta oscillations in human memory","volume":"24","author":"Herweg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"R50-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.385290","article-title":"Does photobiomodulation require glucose to work effectively?","volume":"19","author":"Hoh Kam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R51-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.05.088","article-title":"Neural pathway from nucleus basalis of Meynert passing through the cingulum in the human brain","volume":"1346","author":"Hong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R52-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2170\/jjphysiol.52.383","article-title":"Effects of stimulating the nucleus basalis of Meynert on blood flow and delayed neuronal death following transient ischemia in the rat cerebral cortex","volume":"52","author":"Hotta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Jpn J Physiol"},{"key":"R53-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2170\/physiolsci.SC008107","article-title":"Stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert produces an increase in the extracellular release of nerve growth factor in the rat cerebral cortex","volume":"57","author":"Hotta","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Physiol Sci"},{"key":"R54-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2008.11.004","article-title":"Basal forebrain stimulation induces NGF secretion in ipsilateral parietal cortex via nicotinic receptor activation in adult, but not aged rats","volume":"63","author":"Hotta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"R55-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.92","article-title":"Layer-specific dilation of penetrating arteries induced by stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in the mouse frontal cortex","volume":"33","author":"Hotta","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"R56-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.08.015","article-title":"The neuroprotective effect of deep brain stimulation at nucleus basalis of Meynert in transgenic mice with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"R57-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15984","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202215984","article-title":"Nuclear ERK1\/2 signaling potentiation enhances neuroprotection and cognition via Importin\u03b11\/KPNA2","volume":"15","author":"Indrigo","year":"2023","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"R58-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410220610","article-title":"Basal forebrain-lesioned monkeys are severely impaired in tasks of association and recognition memory","volume":"22","author":"Irle","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R59-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.375301","article-title":"Pathological and therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"19","author":"Izquierdo-Altarejos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R60-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.107860","article-title":"Modifying the progression of Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease with deep brain stimulation","volume":"171","author":"Jakobs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"R61-20260416","first-page":"2039","article-title":"Are linear measurements of the nucleus basalis of Meynert suitable as a diagnostic biomarker in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease?","volume":"40","author":"Jethwa","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"R62-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-022-00327-9","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert modulates hippocampal-frontoparietal networks in patients with advanced Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"R63-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901670402","article-title":"Midbrain, diencephalic and cortical relationships of the basal nucleus of Meynert and associated structures in primates","volume":"167","author":"Jones","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"R64-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00870.2011","article-title":"Selective optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic axons in neocortex","volume":"107","author":"Kalmbach","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R65-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5357.1714","article-title":"Cortical map reorganization enabled by nucleus basalis activity","volume":"279","author":"Kilgard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R66-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31349","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.587188","article-title":"Nerve growth factor (NGF) regulates activity of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) in neurons via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-glycogen synthase kinase 3\u03b2 (GSK3\u03b2) pathway","volume":"289","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"R67-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3535","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1413625112","article-title":"Cortically projecting basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons regulate cortical gamma band oscillations","volume":"112","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R68-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90766-3","article-title":"Stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert does not influence glucose utilization of the cerebral cortex in anesthetized rats","volume":"119","author":"Kimura","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R69-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2016.06.001","article-title":"The role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in fear and extinction memory","volume":"133","author":"Knox","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"key":"R70-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190919","article-title":"Cognitive improvements after intermittent deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in a transgenic rat model for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a preliminary approach","volume":"73","author":"Koulousakis","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"R71-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-00426-z","article-title":"Technology of deep brain stimulation: current status and future directions","volume":"17","author":"Krauss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R72-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2021.12.002","article-title":"Nucleus basalis of Meynert predicts cognition after deep brain stimulation in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"94","author":"K\u00fcbler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"R73-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.04.002","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in early stage of Alzheimer\u2019s dementia","volume":"8","author":"Kuhn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"R74-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2014.32","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer\u2019s dementia","volume":"20","author":"Kuhn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R75-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90371-6","article-title":"Stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert increases acetylcholine release in the cerebral cortex in rats","volume":"98","author":"Kurosawa","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R76-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90684-8","article-title":"Well-maintained responses of acetylcholine release and blood flow in the cerebral cortex to focal electrical stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in aged rats","volume":"100","author":"Kurosawa","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R77-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2020.1749049","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a safe and effective option","volume":"20","author":"La Torre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"R78-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48494.x","article-title":"Reduced cortical vasodilatory response to stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in the aged rat and evidence for a control of the cerebral circulation","volume":"826","author":"Lacombe","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"R79-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.4.JNS181761","article-title":"Current and future directions of deep brain stimulation for neurological and psychiatric disorders","volume":"131","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R80-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.11.JNS182386","article-title":"Nucleus basalis of Meynert neuronal activity in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"132","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R81-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0529-z","article-title":"The effect of nucleus basalis magnocellularis deep brain stimulation on memory function in a rat model of dementia","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"R82-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0145-9","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease","volume":"15","author":"Limousin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R83-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac093","article-title":"Structural (dys)connectivity associates with cholinergic cell density in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"145","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R84-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1392-5","article-title":"Nucleus basalis of Meynert revisited: anatomy, history and differential involvement in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"129","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"R85-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105797","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in an experimental rat model of dementia: Stimulation parameters and mechanisms","volume":"171","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"R86-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.07.021","article-title":"Intermittent stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert improves working memory in adult monkeys","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"R87-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.04.026","article-title":"Intermittent stimulation in the nucleus basalis of meynert improves sustained attention in rhesus monkeys","volume":"137","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"R88-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.123","article-title":"Longitudinal change of biomarkers in cognitive decline","volume":"68","author":"Lo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"R89-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160017","article-title":"A phase II study of fornix deep brain stimulation in mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"54","author":"Lozano","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"R90-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0128-2","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation: current challenges and future directions","volume":"15","author":"Lozano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"R91-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(85)90052-7","article-title":"The pattern of cortical projections from the intermediate parts of the magnocellular nucleus basalis in the rat demonstrated by tracing with Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin","volume":"57","author":"Luiten","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R92-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e684","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011227","article-title":"Nucleus basalis of Meynert stimulation for lewy body dementia: a phase I randomized clinical trial","volume":"96","author":"Malt\u00eate","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R93-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(89)90031-9","article-title":"Spatial learning in rats: correlation with cortical choline acetyltransferase and improvement with NGF following NBM damage","volume":"104","author":"Mandel","year":"1989","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R94-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(02)02211-7","article-title":"Memory consolidation and the amygdala: a systems perspective","volume":"25","author":"McGaugh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R95-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-05-01905.2002","article-title":"Selective behavioral and neurochemical effects of cholinergic lesions produced by intrabasalis infusions of 192 IgG-saporin on attentional performance in a five-choice serial reaction time task","volume":"22","author":"McGaughy","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R96-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23290","article-title":"Distribution and intrinsic membrane properties of basal forebrain GABAergic and parvalbumin neurons in the mouse","volume":"521","author":"McKenna","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"R97-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4002","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.062057099","article-title":"Induction of behavioral associative memory by stimulation of the nucleus basalis","volume":"99","author":"McLin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R98-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018180092","article-title":"Altered nucleus basalis connectivity predicts treatment response in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"289","author":"Meng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"R99-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.179799","article-title":"Stimulation of anterior thalamic nuclei protects against seizures and neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal CA3 region of kainic acid-induced epileptic rats","volume":"129","author":"Meng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"R100-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2013.07.001","article-title":"Sugar for the brain: the role of glucose in physiological and pathological brain function","volume":"36","author":"Mergenthaler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R101-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902140206","article-title":"Cholinergic innervation of cortex by the basal forebrain: cytochemistry and cortical connections of the septal area, diagonal band nuclei, nucleus basalis (substantia innominata), and hypothalamus in the rhesus monkey","volume":"214","author":"Mesulam","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"R102-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(84)90163-5","article-title":"Atlas of cholinergic neurons in the forebrain and upper brainstem of the macaque based on monoclonal choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry","volume":"12","author":"Mesulam","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R103-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902750205","article-title":"Nucleus basalis (Ch4) and cortical cholinergic innervation in the human brain: observations based on the distribution of acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase","volume":"275","author":"Mesulam","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"R104-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13255","article-title":"Efficacy of pallidal stimulation in isolated dystonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Moro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"R105-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2017.06.008","article-title":"Topographical projections from the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (Meynert) to the frontal cortex: A voltage-sensitive dye imaging study in rats","volume":"10","author":"Nagasaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"R106-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.03.024","article-title":"Oscillatory activity and cortical coherence of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia","volume":"52","author":"Nazmuddin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"R107-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1159\/000493094","article-title":"Simultaneous stimulation of the globus pallidus interna and the nucleus basalis of Meynert in the Parkinson-dementia syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Nombela","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"R108-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.101979","article-title":"Antidiabetic agents as a novel treatment for Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"89","author":"Nowell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"R109-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa411","article-title":"Cortical connectivity of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Parkinson\u2019s disease and Lewy body dementias","volume":"144","author":"Oswal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R110-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.104831","article-title":"Longitudinal degeneration of the basal forebrain predicts subsequent dementia in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"139","author":"Pereira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"R111-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.48.5.413","article-title":"Cholinergic correlates of cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease: comparisons with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"48","author":"Perry","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"R112-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.08.036","article-title":"Acetylcholine as a neuromodulator: cholinergic signaling shapes nervous system function and behavior","volume":"76","author":"Picciotto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"R113-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109469","article-title":"Nucleus basalis stimulation enhances working memory by stabilizing stimulus representations in primate prefrontal cortical activity","volume":"36","author":"Qi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"R114-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91041-C","article-title":"Frequency-dependent increase in cortical acetylcholine release evoked by stimulation of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis in the rat","volume":"594","author":"Rasmusson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R115-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2021.05.023","article-title":"Quantitative EEG and cholinergic basal forebrain atrophy in Parkinson\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"106","author":"Rea","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"R116-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105983","article-title":"Regional transcriptional vulnerability to basal forebrain functional dysconnectivity in mild cognitive impairment patients","volume":"177","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"R117-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(88)90107-5","article-title":"A reappraisal of the functions of the nucleus basalis of Meynert","volume":"11","author":"Richardson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R118-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-130278","article-title":"Huperzine a restores cortico-hippocampal functional connectivity after bilateral AMPA lesion of the nucleus basalis of meynert","volume":"35","author":"Rispoli","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"R119-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410170210","article-title":"The nucleus basalis of Meynert in neurological disease: a quantitative morphological study","volume":"17","author":"Rogers","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R120-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851788","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.851788","article-title":"Reduction in volume of nucleus basalis of Meynert is specific to Parkinson\u2019s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy but not to multiple system atrophy","volume":"14","author":"Rogozinski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"R121-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-20-444","article-title":"Meynert nucleus-related cortical thinning in Parkinson\u2019s disease with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"11","author":"Rong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"R122-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12581","article-title":"Delusions and visual hallucinations in a patient with Parkinson\u2019s disease with dementia showing pronounced Lewy body pathology in the nucleus basalis of Meynert","volume":"39","author":"Sakai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropathology"},{"key":"R123-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.02.043","article-title":"Cholinergic modulation of event-related oscillations (ERO)","volume":"1559","author":"Sanchez-Alavez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R124-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28870","article-title":"Single-trajectory multiple-target deep brain stimulation for Parkinsonian mobility and cognition","volume":"37","author":"Sasikumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"R125-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2021.102604","article-title":"In vivo nucleus basalis of Meynert degeneration in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies","volume":"30","author":"Schumacher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"R126-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab372","article-title":"Cholinergic white matter pathways in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"145","author":"Schumacher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R127-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.03.024","article-title":"Neurodegenerative diseases target large-scale human brain networks","volume":"62","author":"Seeley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"Pt 12","key":"R128-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.12.2249","article-title":"Trajectories of cholinergic pathways within the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain","volume":"121","author":"Selden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R129-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2018.03.015","article-title":"Fornical closed-loop stimulation for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"41","author":"Senova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R130-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-110122-110434","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression","volume":"46","author":"Sheth","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"R131-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0380-21.2022","article-title":"Rhythmicity of prefrontal local field potentials after nucleus basalis stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"R132-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00202-4","article-title":"Cholinergic neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert receive cholinergic, catecholaminergic and GABAergic synapses: an electron microscopic investigation in the monkey","volume":"88","author":"Smiley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R133-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.1217","article-title":"Nerve growth factor signaling, neuroprotection, and neural repair","volume":"24","author":"Sofroniew","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"R134-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14089","article-title":"Cholinergic modulation of spatial learning, memory and navigation","volume":"48","author":"Solari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"R135-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2022.2065362","article-title":"Cholinergic nucleus 4 grey matter density is associated with apathy in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"37","author":"Sperling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychol"},{"key":"R136-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1411011112","article-title":"Metabolic resting-state brain networks in health and disease","volume":"112","author":"Spetsieris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R137-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2019.0511","article-title":"The paradoxical effect of deep brain stimulation on memory","volume":"11","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"R138-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh589","article-title":"Measurement of basal forebrain atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease using MRI","volume":"128","author":"Teipel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R139-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21111","article-title":"The cholinergic system in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an in vivo MRI and DTI study","volume":"32","author":"Teipel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"R140-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X221074279","article-title":"Molecular basis and clinical perspectives of deep brain stimulation for major depressive disorder","volume":"42","author":"Teixeira","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"R141-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.082","article-title":"Protection of nigral cell death by bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation","volume":"1120","author":"Temel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R142-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12473","article-title":"NGF controls APP cleavage by downregulating APP phosphorylation at Thr668: relevance for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Triaca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"R143-20260416","first-page":"216","article-title":"Stimulation of the basal nucleus of Meynert in senile dementia of Alzheimer\u2019s type. A preliminary report","volume":"48","author":"Turnbull","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R144-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1239","article-title":"A phase 1 clinical trial of nerve growth factor gene therapy for Alzheimer disease","volume":"11","author":"Tuszynski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R145-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.12.029","article-title":"Sustained subcutaneous infusion of nicotine enhances cholinergic vasodilation in the cerebral cortex induced by stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in rats","volume":"654","author":"Uchida","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R146-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199706000-00010","article-title":"Autoradiographic evidence for flow-metabolism uncoupling during stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in the conscious rat","volume":"17","author":"Vaucher","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"R147-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01605.x","article-title":"Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other disorders associated with dementia: EFNS guideline","volume":"14","author":"Waldemar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"R148-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm137","article-title":"Survival of midbrain dopaminergic cells after lesion or deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in MPTP-treated monkeys","volume":"130","author":"Wallace","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R149-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.226067","article-title":"Acute fornix deep brain stimulation improves hippocampal glucose metabolism in aged mice","volume":"131","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"R150-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410100203","article-title":"Alzheimer disease: evidence for selective loss of cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis","volume":"10","author":"Whitehouse","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"R151-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7058341","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and senile dementia: loss of neurons in the basal forebrain","volume":"215","author":"Whitehouse","year":"1982","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R152-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28453","article-title":"Cholinergic basal forebrain volumes predict gait decline in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"36","author":"Wilson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"R153-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.380908","article-title":"Chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogel with long-term release of murine nerve growth factor for neurotrophic keratopathy","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R154-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671351","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.671351","article-title":"Altered functional connectivity of the basal nucleus of Meynert in subjective cognitive impairment, early mild cognitive impairment, and late mild cognitive impairment","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"R155-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0334-4","article-title":"A circuit view of deep brain stimulation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and the possible mechanisms","volume":"14","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"R156-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9446","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1676-18.2018","article-title":"Specific basal forebrain-cortical cholinergic circuits coordinate cognitive operations","volume":"38","author":"Z\u00e1borszky","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R157-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2022.103256","article-title":"Increased functional connectivity between nucleus basalis of Meynert and amygdala in cognitively intact elderly along the Alzheimer\u2019s continuum","volume":"36","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"R158-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-22-582","article-title":"Cortical connectivity of cholinergic basal forebrain in Parkinson\u2019s disease with mild cognitive impairment","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"R159-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51176","article-title":"Altered multimodal magnetic resonance parameters of basal nucleus of Meynert in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"R160-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645584","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2021.645584","article-title":"Case report: Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert for advanced Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"R161-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2018.00099","article-title":"Different subgroups of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain are distinctly innervated by the olfactory regions and activated differentially in olfactory memory retrieval","volume":"12","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neural Circuits"}],"container-title":["Neural Regeneration Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-00838","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:48:06Z","timestamp":1787838486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-00838"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"references-count":161,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-24-00838","relation":{},"ISSN":["1673-5374","1876-7958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1673-5374","type":"print"},{"value":"1876-7958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-16","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-09","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}