{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T02:48:34Z","timestamp":1793933314845,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment. This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture and explore its potential mechanisms in animal models of ischemic stroke. The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases were comprehensively searched up to May 1, 2024. This review included articles on preclinical investigations of the efficacy and mechanisms of electroacupuncture in treating ischemic stroke. Data from 70 eligible studies were analyzed in Stata 18.0, using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference (Hedge\u2019s g). The risk of bias was assessed using RevMan 5.4 software, and the quality of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the consistency of the results and sensitivity analyses were used to assess their robustness. The quality assessment revealed that most studies adequately handled incomplete data and selective reporting. However, several methodological limitations were identified: only 4 studies demonstrated a low risk of allocation concealment, 26 achieved a low risk of outcome assessment bias, and 9 had a high risk of randomization bias. Additionally, there was an unclear risk regarding participant blinding and other methodological aspects. The GRADE assessment rated 12 outcomes as moderate quality and 6 as low quality. The mechanisms of electroacupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke can be categorized as five primary pathways: (1) Electroacupuncture significantly reduced infarct volume and apoptotic cell death (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01) in ischemic stroke models; (2) electroacupuncture significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01) while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory factors (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.02); (3) electroacupuncture reduced the levels of oxidative stress indicators (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01) and enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01); (4) electroacupuncture significantly promoted nerve regeneration (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01); and (5) electroacupuncture influenced blood flow remodeling (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01) and angiogenesis (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01). Subgroup analyses indicated that electroacupuncture was most effective in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01) and in post-middle cerebral artery occlusion intervention (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01). Dispersive waves were found to outperform continuous waves with respect to neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01), while scalp acupoints demonstrated greater efficacy than body acupoints (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01). The heterogeneity among the included studies was minimal, and sensitivity analyses indicated stable results. Their methodological quality was generally satisfactory. In conclusion, electroacupuncture is effective in treating cerebral ischemia by modulating cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, stroke-induced nerve regeneration, blood flow remodeling, and angiogenesis. The efficacy of electroacupuncture may be influenced by factors such as the middle cerebral artery occlusion model, the timing of intervention onset, waveform, and acupoint selection. Despite the moderate to low quality of evidence, these findings suggest that electroacupuncture has clinical potential for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-24-01030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T02:00:30Z","timestamp":1738288830000},"page":"1191-1210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Electroacupuncture for the treatment of ischemic stroke: A preclinical meta-analysis and systematic review"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Guohui","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meixi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Rehabilitation with Integrated Western and Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yashuo","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haozheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4955-3533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3482-7327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nianhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7670-0773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2012.1074","article-title":"Electroacupuncture at the Quchi and Zusanli acupoints exerts neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injured rats via activation of the PI3K\/Akt pathway","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"R2-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-021-3335-4","article-title":"Electroacupuncture attenuates ischemic brain injury and cellular apoptosis via mitochondrial translocation of cofilin","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Med"},{"key":"R3-20260422","first-page":"363","article-title":"Effects of electroacupuncture on cerebral Bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression after cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhen Ci Yan Jiu"},{"key":"R4-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000631","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1000631","article-title":"The potential risk factors of early-onset post-stroke depression from immuno-inflammatory perspective","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"R5-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2020.147075","article-title":"Electroacupuncture promotes axonal regrowth by attenuating the myelin-associated inhibitors-induced RhoA\/ROCK pathway in cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion rats","volume":"1748","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R6-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1177\/09645284231211600","article-title":"Electroacupuncture attenuates cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury by regulating oxidative stress, neuronal death and neuroinflammation via stimulation of PPAR-\u03b3","volume":"42","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acupunct Med"},{"key":"R7-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9708905","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9708905","article-title":"Brain functional reserve in the context of neuroplasticity after stroke","volume":"2019","author":"D\u0105browski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"R8-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38997","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38997","article-title":"Electroacupuncture enhances rehabilitation through miR-181b targeting PirB after ischemic stroke","volume":"6","author":"Deng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R9-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e279","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013115","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of ischemic stroke, 1990\u20132019","volume":"98","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R10-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445516673998","article-title":"Intercoder reliability and validity of WebPlotDigitizer in extracting graphed data","volume":"41","author":"Drevon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav Modif"},{"key":"R11-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1179\/016164110X12714125204317","article-title":"Angiogenesis and improved cerebral blood flow in the ischemic boundary area were detected after electroacupuncture treatment to rats with ischemic stroke","volume":"33","author":"Du","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"R12-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2689","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S183436","article-title":"The effect of different frequencies of electroacupuncture on BDNF and NGF expression in the hippocampal CA3 area of the ischemic hemisphere in cerebral ischemic rats","volume":"14","author":"Duan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"R13-20260422","first-page":"114","article-title":"Free radicals, oxidative stress-related diseases and antioxidant supplementation","volume":"28","author":"Engwa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Altern Ther Health Med"},{"key":"R14-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-023-01061-2","article-title":"Angiogenesis after ischemic stroke","volume":"44","author":"Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacologica Sinica"},{"key":"R15-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2013.1392","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates cognitive impairment through inhibition of NF-\u03baB-mediated neuronal cell apoptosis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injured rats","volume":"7","author":"Feng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"R16-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719201","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.719201","article-title":"Genome-wide transcription analysis of electroacupuncture precondition-induced ischemic tolerance on sd rat with ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"12","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"R17-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8765-y","article-title":"Electroacupuncture attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic mice through adiponectin receptor 1-mediated phosphorylation of GSK-3\u03b2","volume":"51","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"R18-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"R19-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858405282417","article-title":"Dendritic plasticity in the adult neocortex","volume":"12","author":"Hickmott","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"R20-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R21-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024163","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.1024163","article-title":"Rehabilitation of motor function after stroke: a bibliometric analysis of global research from 2004 to 2022","volume":"14","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"R22-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1974-y","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorating post-stroke cognitive impairments via inhibition of peri-infarct astroglial and microglial\/macrophage P2 purinoceptors-mediated neuroinflammation and hyperplasia","volume":"17","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"R23-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-019-0091-4","article-title":"Electroacupuncture attenuated cerebral ischemic injury and neuroinflammation through \u03b17nAChR-mediated inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in stroke rats","volume":"25","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"R24-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210537","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1210537","article-title":"Neural control of cerebral blood flow: scientific basis of scalp acupuncture in treating brain diseases","volume":"17","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"R25-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-10-63","article-title":"Delayed brain ischemia tolerance induced by electroacupuncture pretreatment is mediated via MCP-induced protein 1","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R26-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e29426","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates gastrointestinal dysfunction by modulating DMV cholinergic efferent signals to drive the vagus nerve in p-MCAO rats","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"R27-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-016-0249-0","article-title":"Electroacupuncture preconditioning reduces ROS generation with NOX4 downregulation and ameliorates blood-brain barrier disruption after ischemic stroke","volume":"23","author":"Jung","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"R28-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-021-01844-4","article-title":"Effect of electroacupuncture at siguan acupoints on expression of BDNF and TrkB proteins in the hippocampus of post-stroke depression rats","volume":"71","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"R29-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56736","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056736","article-title":"Electroacupuncture acutely improves cerebral blood flow and attenuates moderate ischemic injury via an endothelial mechanism in mice","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R30-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90000","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090000","article-title":"Electroacupuncture promotes post-stroke functional recovery via enhancing endogenous neurogenesis in mouse focal cerebral ischemia","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R31-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1511","article-title":"Effects of electroacupuncture on apoptotic pathways in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia","volume":"32","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"R32-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20481-3","article-title":"Potential benefits of mesenchymal stem cells and electroacupuncture on the trophic factors associated with neurogenesis in mice with ischemic stroke","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R33-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.88","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in experimental and human stroke","volume":"32","author":"Lambertsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"R34-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2012.1184","article-title":"Electroacupuncture exerts anti-inflammatory effects in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injured rats via suppression of the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"31","author":"Lan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"R35-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.330611","article-title":"Effects of electroacupuncture on the functionality of NG2-expressing cells in perilesional brain tissue of mice following ischemic stroke","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R36-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010283","article-title":"Protective effects of sophoraflavanone G by inhibiting TNF-\u03b1-induced MMP-9-mediated events in brain microvascular endothelial cells","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R37-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619043","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.619043","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury by inhibiting ferroptosis","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"R38-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.330617","article-title":"Electroacupuncture treatment improves motor function and neurological outcomes after cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R39-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s11726-022-1300-1","article-title":"Effects of electroacupuncture on angiogenesis and cortical VEGF and BDNF expression in rats with focal cerebral ischemia","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science"},{"key":"R40-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-23-01336","article-title":"Cell polarization in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and advances","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R41-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2011.07.008","article-title":"Old dogs learning new tricks: neuroplasticity beyond the juvenile period","volume":"31","author":"Lillard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev Rev"},{"key":"R42-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2024.110967","article-title":"Involvement of P2X7R-mediated microglia polarization and neuroinflammation in the response to electroacupuncture on post-stroke memory impairment","volume":"212","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"R43-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5227","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates post-stroke learning and memory through minimizing ultrastructural brain damage and inhibiting the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injured rats","volume":"14","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"R44-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlad011","article-title":"Cephalic electroacupuncture restores learning and memory in rats with induced ischemic stroke via inhibition of NF-\u03baB nuclear translocation","volume":"82","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R45-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1136\/acupmed-2014-010728","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates cognitive impairment and regulates the expression of apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2 and Bax in rats with cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acupunct Med"},{"key":"R46-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4395","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.908473","article-title":"Electroacupuncture inhibits apoptosis of peri-ischemic regions via modulating p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1\/2), and c-Jun N terminal kinases (JNK) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-injured rats","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"R47-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8163052","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8163052","article-title":"Electroacupuncture attenuates inflammation after ischemic stroke by inhibiting NF-\u03baB-mediated activation of microglia","volume":"2020","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R48-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2758","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-00568","article-title":"PI3K\/AKT signaling and neuroprotection in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R49-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9545646","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9545646","article-title":"Electroacupuncture regulates hippocampal synaptic plasticity via miR-134-mediated LIMK1 function in rats with ischemic stroke","volume":"2017","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"R50-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-019-01040-y","article-title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment elicits neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats associated with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-mediated anti-oxidant stress and anti-inflammation","volume":"42","author":"Long","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"R51-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2021.12.017","article-title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-mediated anti-apoptosis via inhibiting NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"482","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R52-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-024-10118-w","article-title":"The roles of RhoA\/ROCK\/NF-\u03baB pathway in microglia polarization following ischemic stroke","volume":"19","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"key":"R53-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2024.03.008","article-title":"Electroacupuncture alleviates post-stroke cognitive impairment through inhibiting miR-135a-5p\/mTOR\/NLRP3 axis-mediated autophagy","volume":"545","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R54-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0254-6272(08)60050-3","article-title":"Effects of electroacupuncture on expressions of angiogenesis factors and anti-angiogenesis factors in brain of experimental cerebral ischemic rats after reperfusion","volume":"28","author":"Ma","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"R55-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.09.033","article-title":"Electroacupuncture alleviates nerve injury after cerebra ischemia in rats through inhibiting cell apoptosis and changing the balance of MMP-9\/TIMP-1 expression","volume":"633","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R56-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00537","article-title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment alleviates cerebral ischemic injury through \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated phenotypic conversion of microglia","volume":"13","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"R57-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13187","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103420","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury by suppressing autophagy via the SIRT1-FOXO1 signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Mei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"R58-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27045","article-title":"Electroacupuncture regulates histone acetylation of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 genes to improve ischemic stroke injury","volume":"10","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"R59-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot087486","article-title":"Two-photon imaging of neuronal structural plasticity in mice during and after ischemia","volume":"2015","author":"Murphy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc"},{"key":"R60-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l6983","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6983","article-title":"Management of acute ischemic stroke","volume":"368","author":"Phipps","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R61-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.122.040073","article-title":"Projected global trends in ischemic stroke incidence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years from 2020 to 2030","volume":"54","author":"Pu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R62-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14618","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14618","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates neuroinflammation by inhibiting TRPV4 channel in ischemic stroke","volume":"30","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci Ther"},{"key":"R63-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1159\/000366017","article-title":"The longitudinal evolution of cerebral blood flow regulation after acute ischaemic stroke","volume":"4","author":"Salinet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis Extra"},{"key":"R64-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaaz8110","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz8110","article-title":"Targeted disruption of Kv2.1-VAPA association provides neuroprotection against ischemic stroke in mice by declustering Kv2.1 channels","volume":"6","author":"Schulien","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"R65-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4723","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.917213","article-title":"Electroacupuncture alleviates ischemic brain injury by inhibiting the miR-223\/NLRP3 pathway","volume":"25","author":"Sha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"R66-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2020.111945","article-title":"Glutathione peroxidase-1 and neuromodulation: novel potentials of an old enzyme","volume":"148","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"R67-20260422","first-page":"1649605","article-title":"Scalp electroacupuncture promotes angiogenesis after stroke in rats by activation of Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signal pathway","volume":"2022","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R68-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7297425","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7297425","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulation of autophagy and apoptosis","volume":"2016","author":"Shu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R69-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8971-7","article-title":"Mn-SOD upregulation by electroacupuncture attenuates ischemic oxidative damage via CB1R-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation","volume":"53","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"R70-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148643","article-title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment alleviates spasticity after stroke in rats by inducing the NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 signaling pathway and the gut-brain axis","volume":"1822","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R71-20260422","first-page":"4943","article-title":"Electroacupuncture stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells in a rat model of ischemic stroke","volume":"16","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"R72-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1179\/174313209X414506","article-title":"Electroacupuncture improves neurological deficits and enhances proliferation and differentiation of endogenous nerve stem cells in rats with focal cerebral ischemia","volume":"32","author":"Tao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"R73-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-018-1253-5","article-title":"Electroacupuncture reduced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in mice with cerebral infarction by regulating the Notch3 signaling pathway","volume":"67","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"R74-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e231455","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.1455","article-title":"Estimated burden of stroke in China in 2020","volume":"6","author":"Tu","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"R75-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.2174\/156802609789869619","article-title":"Inflammation as a therapeutic target in acute ischemic stroke treatment","volume":"9","author":"Tuttolomondo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem"},{"key":"R76-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2019.07.004","article-title":"Electroacupuncture ameliorates neuronal injury by Pink1\/Parkin-mediated mitophagy clearance in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion","volume":"91","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"R77-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.300454","article-title":"Electroacupuncture improves learning and memory functions in a rat cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury model through PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway activation","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R78-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0274620","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274620","article-title":"Electroacupuncture attenuates ischemic injury after stroke and promotes angiogenesis via activation of EPO mediated Src and VEGF signaling pathways","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R79-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.00134","article-title":"Electroacupuncture inhibits neuronal autophagy and apoptosis via the pi3k\/akt pathway following ischemic stroke","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"R80-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.541490","article-title":"Pretreatment with electroacupuncture induces rapid tolerance to focal cerebral ischemia through regulation of endocannabinoid system","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R81-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.597336","article-title":"Activation of epsilon protein kinase C-mediated anti-apoptosis is involved in rapid tolerance induced by electroacupuncture pretreatment through cannabinoid receptor type 1","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R82-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-24","article-title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment attenuates cerebral ischemic injury through \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated inhibition of high-mobility group box 1 release in rats","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R83-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1089\/acu.2017.1231","article-title":"A proposed neurologic pathway for scalp acupuncture: trigeminal nerve\u2013meninges\u2013cerebrospinal fluid\u2013contacting neurons\u2013brain","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Acupunct"},{"key":"R84-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-013-8524-5","article-title":"Glycogen synthase kinase-3\u03b2 is involved in electroacupuncture pretreatment via the cannabinoid CB1 receptor in ischemic stroke","volume":"49","author":"Wei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"R85-20260422","article-title":"Electroacupuncture attenuates middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced learning and memory impairment by regulating microglial polarization in hippocampus","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"R86-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649910","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.649910","article-title":"Trigeminal nerve control of cerebral blood flow: a brief review","volume":"15","author":"White","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"R87-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2020.00028","article-title":"Targeting oxidative stress and inflammation to prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"R88-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e171","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.573576","article-title":"Acupuncture in poststroke rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"41","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R89-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-018-0615-4","article-title":"Possible involvement of PTEN signaling pathway in the anti-apoptotic effect of electroacupuncture following ischemic stroke in rats","volume":"38","author":"Xing","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"R90-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97488","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097488","article-title":"Effects of acupuncture at GV20 and ST36 on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2, aquaporin 4, and aquaporin 9 in rats subjected to cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R91-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-021-00297-0","article-title":"OTULIN is a new target of EA treatment in the alleviation of brain injury and glial cell activation via suppression of the NF-\u03baB signalling pathway in acute ischaemic stroke rats","volume":"27","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"R92-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576539","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.576539","article-title":"Electroacupuncture alleviates cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury in rats by Histone H4 Lysine 16 acetylation-mediated autophagy","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"R93-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-020-2295-9","article-title":"Effect of electroacupuncture on neurological deficit and activity of clock and bmal1 in cerebral ischemic rats","volume":"40","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Med Sci"},{"key":"R94-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-22-0801","article-title":"Seasonal variation in neurological severity and clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke patients-A9-year study of 5,238 patients","volume":"87","author":"Xue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"R95-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.10.029","article-title":"Electro-acupuncture at points of Zusanli and Quchi exerts anti-apoptotic effect through the modulation of PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway","volume":"558","author":"Xue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R96-20260422","first-page":"CD004131","article-title":"Acupuncture for stroke rehabilitation","volume":"2016","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R97-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-23-01540","article-title":"Perilipin-2 mediates ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and myelin injury after ischemic stroke","volume":"20","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R98-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909512","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2022.909512","article-title":"Acupuncture at GV20 and ST36 improves the recovery of behavioral activity in rats subjected to cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"R99-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2011.09.015","article-title":"Protective effects of intraperitoneal injection of TAT-SOD against focal cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"89","author":"Ye","year":"2011","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"R100-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6415083","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6415083","article-title":"The therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture therapy for ischemic stroke","volume":"2020","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R102-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-00398","article-title":"Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R103-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.00223","article-title":"Electro-acupuncture promotes the differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells via exosomal microRNA 146b after ischemic stroke","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"R104-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2912","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2912","article-title":"Electroacupuncture reverses endothelial cell death and promotes angiogenesis through the VEGF\/Notch signaling pathway after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"R105-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3470685","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3470685","article-title":"Electroacupuncture activates neuroplasticity in the motor cortex and corticospinal tract via the mTOR pathway in a rat p-MCAO model","volume":"2022","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"R106-20260422","first-page":"9912325","article-title":"Electroacupuncture regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and ameliorates neuronal injury in rats with acute ischemic stroke","volume":"2021","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R107-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0254-6272(13)60135-1","article-title":"Effect of electroacupuncture on brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression in mouse hippocampus following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"33","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"R108-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6911","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2015.4279","article-title":"Electroacupuncture promotes neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of rats following stroke via upregulation of Notch1 expression","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"R109-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-13-111","article-title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment induces tolerance against focal cerebral ischemia through activation of canonical Notch pathway","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"R110-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-015-0203-9","article-title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment attenuates cerebral ischemic injury via notch pathway-mediated up-regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1\u03b1 in rats","volume":"35","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"R111-20260422","first-page":"237","article-title":"Sequential acupuncture method for treatment of apoplexy hemiplegia and its effects on plasma ET-1 and NO levels","volume":"27","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhen Jiu"},{"key":"R112-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.197135","article-title":"Electroacupuncture induces acute changes in cerebral cortical miRNA profile, improves cerebral blood flow and alleviates neurological deficits in a rat model of stroke","volume":"11","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R113-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2013.07.006","article-title":"Activation of STAT3 is involved in neuroprotection by electroacupuncture pretreatment via cannabinoid CB1 receptors in rats","volume":"1529","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R114-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6980398","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6980398","article-title":"A20-binding inhibitor of NF-\u03baB 1 ameliorates neuroinflammation and mediates antineuroinflammatory effect of electroacupuncture in cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion rats","volume":"2020","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R115-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.346466","article-title":"Neural stem cell-derived exosome as a nano-sized carrier for BDNF delivery to a rat model of ischemic stroke","volume":"18","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R116-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2015.3672","article-title":"Electroacupuncture pretreatment attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption following cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"12","author":"Zou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"}],"container-title":["Neural Regeneration Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-01030","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:20:17Z","timestamp":1787836817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-24-01030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-24-01030","relation":{},"ISSN":["1673-5374","1876-7958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1673-5374","type":"print"},{"value":"1876-7958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-11","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-30","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}