{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:50:35Z","timestamp":1787503835538,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0 http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetic retinopathy are the major retinal degenerative disorders, and each ultimately leads to irreversible vision loss. In this context, single-target therapies aimed at isolated pathways have delivered only modest benefits.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lycium barbarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    polysaccharides, the predominant bioactive components of goji berries, emerge as far more than simple antioxidants, functioning instead as orchestrators of interconnected signaling networks. Growing evidence shows that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lycium barbarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    polysaccharides engages pathways well beyond redox control to interrupt disease-driving cascades: it limits cellular senescence through the SIRT1\/p53 axis, preserves blood-retinal barrier integrity by maintaining aquaporin-4 at astrocytic endfeet, and biases microglia from proinflammatory M1 toward reparative M2 states. Beyond immunomodulation,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lycium barbarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    polysaccharides promotes clearance of pathogenic protein aggregates and suppresses pathological neovascularization via the miR-15a-5p\/ VEGFR2 axis. While antioxidant effects may predominate in early disease, the actions of LBP become more targeted as pathology advances, a stage-dependent selectivity that helps explain its cross-disease efficacy. In age-related macular degeneration,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lycium barbarum<\/jats:italic>\n                    polysaccharides sustains metabolic homeostasis in retinal pigment epithelium by tuning autophagic flux through the miR-181\/BCL-2 axis. In glaucoma, it safeguards mitochondrial membrane potential in retinal ganglion cells, supporting energy metabolism and survival. Collectively, these properties position Lycium barbarum polysaccharides as a pleiotropic regulator capable of reshaping multiple disease trajectories. Realizing its clinical potential will require precise identification of active metabolites, rigorous\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    pharmacokinetic profiling, and rational combination with current standard-of-care therapies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-25-01602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T09:00:57Z","timestamp":1779872457000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beyond antioxidation: Retinal neuroprotection by Lycium barbarum polysaccharides via multiple signaling pathways"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"Yirong","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4039-4246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwok-Fai","family":"So","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2013Hong Kong\u2013Macau Institute of Central Nervous System (CNS) Regeneration, Ministry of Education Collaborative Joint Laboratory for CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Center for Brain Science and Brain- Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China"},{"name":"Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"container-title":["Neural Regeneration Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-25-01602","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T19:28:01Z","timestamp":1786735681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/NRR.NRR-D-25-01602"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/nrr.nrr-d-25-01602","relation":{},"ISSN":["1673-5374","1876-7958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1673-5374","type":"print"},{"value":"1876-7958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-22","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-23","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}