{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:58:31Z","timestamp":1790787511354,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"\n CONTEXT:<\/jats:title>\n Adequate management of chronic dacryocystitis is an essential prerequisite before any intraocular surgery owing to a grave risk of endophthalmitis. The knowledge of bacteriology of chronic dacryocystitis would accentuate the choice of effective antimicrobial agents and thus help in reducing the irrational use of antimicrobial agents and subsequent development of drug resistance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n AIMS:<\/jats:title>\n We aimed to identify the causative bacterial flora and study the antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance pattern in cases of chronic dacryocystitis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n SETTINGS AND DESIGN:<\/jats:title>\n This was a cross-sectional observational study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n SUBJECTS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n Conjunctival swabs were obtained from both eyes from 102 patients with clinical evidence of chronic dacryocystitis. Specimens for microbiological analysis were obtained, either from the conjunctival cul-de-sac and everted puncta by applying pressure over the lacrimal sac area or from the refluxing material after irrigating the lacrimal sac with sterile saline. The specimens were sent for culture and sensitivity in the department of microbiology. Ethical approvals were duly obtained.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:<\/jats:title>\n Percentage assessment was used for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n \n The cultures showed the presence of\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n in 50% of bacterial isolates obtained from the involved eyes, followed by coagulase-negative\n Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>\n in 11.53% of isolates and\n Enterococcus<\/jats:italic>\n also in 11.53% of isolates. It was observed that cefoxitin was the most sensitive antibiotic against Gram-positive organisms, followed by vancomycin and clindamycin, whereas maximum resistance was seen for penicillin and ofloxacin. For Gram-negative organisms, imipenem was found to be most sensitive, followed by gentamicin and co-amoxiclav, whereas maximum resistance was seen for ciprofloxacin.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n \n It was concluded that Gram-positive bacteria predominantly\n S.<\/jats:italic>\n aureus<\/jats:italic>\n was the most commonly isolated bacteria in cases of chronic dacryocystitis as compared to Gram-negative bacteria and cefoxitin was found to be the overall most effective antibiotic for Gram-positive bacteria.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.ojo_116_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T01:01:59Z","timestamp":1719450119000},"page":"192-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chronic dacryocystitis: An insight into bacteriology and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vibhuti","family":"Sethi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himanshu Kumar","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajeev","family":"Tuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. YSPGMC Nahan, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260507","first-page":"66","article-title":"Clinicobacteriological correlates of congenital dacryocystitis","volume":"38","author":"Bareja","year":"1990","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830590926585","article-title":"Changing bacterial isolates and antibiotic sensitivities of purulent dacryocystitis","volume":"24","author":"Briscoe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R3-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-199306000-00008","article-title":"Clinical bacteriology of dacryocystitis in adults","volume":"9","author":"Coden","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R5-20260507","first-page":"19","article-title":"CLSI (2005) Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","volume":"25","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fifteenth Informational Supplement, M100\u2013S15, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne"},{"key":"R6-20260507","first-page":"424","article-title":"An analysis of patients with chronic dacryocystitis","volume":"18","author":"Babar","year":"2004","journal-title":"JPMI"},{"key":"R7-20260507","first-page":"82","article-title":"Clinicobacteriological and histopathological study in chronic dacryocystitis","volume":"1","author":"Bhuyan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Medpulse- International Medical Journal"},{"key":"R8-20260507","first-page":"652","article-title":"A bacteriological study of dacryocystitis","volume":"6","author":"Prakash","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"R9-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830490916073","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic dacryocystitis and success rate of external dacryocystorhinostomy in Nepal","volume":"24","author":"Badhu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R11-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/1858-540X.138842","article-title":"A clinico-bateriological study of chronic dacryocystitis","volume":"6","author":"Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sudan J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R13-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00284.x","article-title":"Microbiological analysis of chronic dacryocystitis","volume":"25","author":"Sun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"R14-20260507","first-page":"296","article-title":"Clinicobacteriological study of chronic dacryocystitis in adults","volume":"106","author":"Mandal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Indian Med Assoc"},{"key":"R15-20260507","first-page":"48","article-title":"Fungal infections of the eye \u2013 Laboratory diagnosis and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Nayak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nepal Med Coll J"},{"key":"R16-20260507","first-page":"437","article-title":"Current Microbial Correlates of the Eye and Nose in Dacryocystitis \u2013 Their Clinical Significance","volume":"2005","author":"Ghose","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIOC Proc"},{"key":"R17-20260507","first-page":"107","article-title":"Chronic dacryocystitis. A clinico-bacteriological study","volume":"15","author":"Sood","year":"1967","journal-title":"J All India Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"R18-20260507","first-page":"178","article-title":"Dacryocystitis: Bacteriological study and its relation with nasal pathology","volume":"35","author":"Bale","year":"1987","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R19-20260507","first-page":"18","article-title":"Microbiology of dacryocystitis among adults population in Southern Australia","volume":"7","author":"Sainju","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nepal Med Coll J"},{"key":"R20-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.1.37","article-title":"Bacteriology of lacrimal duct obstruction in adults","volume":"81","author":"Hartikainen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R21-20260507","first-page":"2502","article-title":"Clinico-bacteriological study of chronic dacryocystitis cases in Northern Karnataka, India","volume":"7","author":"Pradeep","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"}],"container-title":["Oman Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_116_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:40:47Z","timestamp":1787773247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_116_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_116_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0974-620X","0974-7842"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0974-620X","type":"print"},{"value":"0974-7842","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-02","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}