{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:32:00Z","timestamp":1787070720096,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) is a common condition in neonates, often requiring intervention when conservative treatments and simple probing fail. This study aimed to explore the efficiency and safety of endoscopic-guided bicanalicular (BC) and monocanalicular (MC) Ritleng intubation in treating CNLDO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODOLOGY:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter, prospective, nonrandomized comparative study was conducted between 2007 and 2022. The study included a total of 90 patients aged 24\u201353 months who had either failed probing or presented late with CNLDO. The participants were divided into two groups: 45 treated with BC and the other 45 with MC Ritleng intubation. Surgical procedures were performed under general anesthesia. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 1 week postoperatively, then at 1 month, and 3 months after stent removal. Finally, postoperative outcomes were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The clinical success rates were comparable, with BC achieving 93.3% and MC achieving 92.2% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.68). BC intubation was associated with a higher complication rate (28.9%) compared to MC (4.4%), with a statistically significant difference (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004). The study also revealed the absence of significant associations between the incidence of complications and age, gender, or preexisting conditions (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.90).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both BC and MC Ritleng intubation are effective treatments for late-presenting CNLDO and cases following failed probing. However, MC intubation stands out as a safer and quicker option, significantly reducing the risk of complications. This study emphasizes the advantages of MC Ritleng intubation for pediatric patients with CNLDO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.ojo_250_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T07:00:13Z","timestamp":1750748413000},"page":"193-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Endoscopic-guided monocanalicular versus bicanalicular Ritleng intubation for treating congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in patients aged 24\u201353 months"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Walid Mohamed","family":"Abdalla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orbit Eye Centre, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman N.","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Teaching Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases6040096","article-title":"Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO): A review","volume":"6","author":"Vagge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"key":"R2-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283642e94","article-title":"Pediatric nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"24","author":"Schnall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R3-20250628","first-page":"4045789","article-title":"Outcomes of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction surgery converted into balloon dilation and silicone intubation due to probing difficulty","author":"Sagiv","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol 2022"},{"key":"R4-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-312074","article-title":"Incidence and clinical characteristics of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"103","author":"Sathiamoorthi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S2582","article-title":"The rate of symptomatic improvement of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in Japanese infants treated with conservative management during the 1st year of age","volume":"2","author":"Kakizaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-01658-9","article-title":"Success rates of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction at various ages","volume":"20","author":"\u015awierczy\u0144ska","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1991.103","article-title":"Epiphora during the first year of life","volume":"5","author":"MacEwen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"R8-20250628","first-page":"32","article-title":"Nasolacrimal duct probing versus silicone intubation in the treatment of complex congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"30","author":"Hegab","year":"2024","journal-title":"Zagazig Univ Med J"},{"key":"R9-20250628","first-page":"3923","article-title":"Blind Bi-canalicular intubation versus endoscopic guided intubation in treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children","volume":"5","author":"Sharaf","year":"2023","journal-title":"IJMA"},{"key":"R10-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-011-1700-2","article-title":"Monocanalicular versus bicanalicular intubation in the treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"249","author":"Kom\u00ednek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R11-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15761\/NFO.1000149","article-title":"Monocanalicular versus bicanalicular endoscopic assisted Ritleng intubation for treatment of congenital NLD obstruction","volume":"2","author":"Abdalla","year":"2016","journal-title":"New Front Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R12-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000007915","article-title":"Effect of premature tube extrusion for simple congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: A comparison of monocanalicular and bicanalicular intubation","volume":"33","author":"Dryden","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"R13-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17031067","article-title":"The use of stents in children with nasolacrimal duct obstruction requiring surgical intervention: A systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Tai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"R14-20250628","first-page":"90","article-title":"The success rate of silicone intubation in congenital lacrimal obstruction","volume":"21","author":"Leone","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg"},{"key":"R15-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-198903000-00007","article-title":"Timing of silastic tubing removal after intubation for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"5","author":"Welsh","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R16-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2006.09.009","article-title":"Monocanalicular silastic intubation for the initial correction of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"11","author":"Engel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"R17-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2010.08.003","article-title":"Monocanalicular versus bicanalicular silicone intubation for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"14","author":"Andalib","year":"2010","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"R18-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31824dfc8a","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of monocanalicular and bicanalicular silicone intubation for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"R19-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830.2017.1337161","article-title":"Comparison of the success rate between monocanalicular and bicanalicular intubations in incomplete complex congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"36","author":"Eshraghi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R20-20250628","first-page":"1466","article-title":"Bicanalicular versus monocanalicular intubation after failed probing in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"9","author":"Rajabi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R21-20250628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)72558-9","article-title":"Silicone intubation without intranasal fixation for treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"118","author":"Ratliff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Oman Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_250_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:35:23Z","timestamp":1787067323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_250_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_250_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0974-620X","0974-7842"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0974-620X","type":"print"},{"value":"0974-7842","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-11","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}