{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:27:29Z","timestamp":1787772449121,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>A 44-year-old woman presented with complaints of pain in the right eye (RE). Fundus examination revealed disc edema in the RE along with retinal flecks sparing the macula in both eyes (BE). Fundus autofluorescence demonstrated a symmetrical pattern of white flecks in BE. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) revealed the lesions at the level of retinal pigment epithelium with impingement onto the outer retina. SD-OCT angiography through the flecks revealed hyperreflective lesions at the level of avascular retina. RE B-scan revealed a T-sign. Based on these findings, she was diagnosed with BE benign familial fleck retina (BFFR) with RE posterior scleritis. We describe the multimodal imaging features in a middle-aged patient with BFFR and provide an insight into the probable pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.ojo_286_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T13:52:41Z","timestamp":1716558761000},"page":"95-98","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography angiography of benign familial fleck retina"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"George J.","family":"Manayath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shishir","family":"Verghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirika Vipul","family":"Gosalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuradha","family":"Kanakath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkatapathy","family":"Narendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.11.004","article-title":"Biallelic mutations in PLA2G5, encoding group V phospholipase A2, cause benign fleck retina","volume":"89","author":"Sergouniotis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"R2-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000446","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 group v in benign familial fleck retina in a set of triplets","volume":"35","author":"Bin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"R3-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.5935\/0004-2749.20170078","article-title":"Benign familial fleck retina: Multimodal imaging including optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"80","author":"Garcia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"key":"R4-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(66)91668-0","article-title":"Fluorescein studies in fundus flavimaculatus and drusen","volume":"62","author":"Ernest","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1965.00970040498011","article-title":"Flecked retina syndrome","volume":"74","author":"Krill","year":"1965","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.64.9.652","article-title":"Benign familial fleck retina","volume":"64","author":"Sabel Aish","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000000324","article-title":"Structural and functional characterization of benign fleck retina using multimodal imaging","volume":"11","author":"Neriyanuri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"key":"R8-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.5.714","article-title":"Autofluorescence imaging in a case of benign familial fleck retina","volume":"125","author":"Audo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R9-20-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20101025-05","article-title":"Benign fleck retinal findings on multifocal ERG, microperimetry, and OCT","volume":"41","author":"Galindo-Ferreiro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging"}],"container-title":["Oman Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_286_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:47:25Z","timestamp":1787770045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_286_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ojo.ojo_286_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0974-620X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0974-620X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}}}