{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:32:02Z","timestamp":1787070722737,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PURPOSE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aims to explore the effect of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ginkgo biloba<\/jats:italic>\n                      extracts (GbE) on the prevention of posterior capsule opacification (PCO).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>STUDY DESIGN:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single-center randomized clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with senile cataracts randomly received GbE supplement capsules at a dose of 200 mg (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 74) or an identical placebo (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 70) daily for 6 months after cataract surgery. Patients\u2019 follow-ups were scheduled for up to 3 years after cataract surgery. PCO formation (Pearl\/Fibrotic) was graded using slit-lamp examinations. The necessity of a Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy was evaluated by patients\u2019 complaints of reduced visual acuity imputable to PCO.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 144 patients with a mean age of 64.92 \u00b1 7.77 years were studied. The mean Log MAR visual acuity in the placebo group started to decrease at 12 months (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003) and remained significantly lower than the GbE group throughout 36 months (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.005). At 1-year postsurgery, a significant difference between the two groups of GbE and Placebo was observed regarding pearl PCO score, but obvious fibrotic PCO score differences occurred 3 years after surgery. The Nd:YAG capsulotomy was performed in six eyes (6.1%) for the GbE group and 18 eyes (20.4%) for the placebo group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004) 3 years after the cataract surgery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six months of supplementation with GbE was well tolerated and may provide some marginal prevention in the PCO formation. Besides the effect of the GbE in the inhibition of PCO, we also observed a noticeable reduction in the need for Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.ojo_311_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T07:00:21Z","timestamp":1750748421000},"page":"126-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of Ginkgo biloba extracts in the prevention of posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery: A randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Amir Ahmadzadeh","family":"Amiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and ExpectAid Inc., ON, 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