{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:30:08Z","timestamp":1787070608319,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Optic nerve aplasia (ONA) is a rare ocular developmental anomaly. This condition may affect either one or both eyes of the patient and is characterized by the congenital absence of the optic nerve, retinal nerve fiber layer, and ganglion cell layer. Bilateral ONA, which is more uncommon, is frequently associated with central nervous system (CNS) anomalies. In this study, we report bilateral ONA in a boy with multiple congenital CNS, cardiac, genitourinary, and musculoskeletal system anomalies. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ocular sonography confirmed the diagnosis. However, the endocrinologic evaluation showed no evidence of pituitary dysfunction. Bilateral ONA is a highly uncommon condition. Various imaging techniques can be used to diagnose ONA, with brain MRI being particularly valuable. It is important to conduct a comprehensive systemic assessment of these children to check for any associated life-threatening conditions, like panhypopituitarism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.ojo_370_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T19:00:20Z","timestamp":1772218820000},"page":"128-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bilateral optic nerve aplasia in an infant with multiple congenital anomalies: A comprehensive case study and literature review"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Mohammadkarim","family":"Johari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajar","family":"Farvardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71982-8","article-title":"Posterior segment neovascularization associated with optic nerve aplasia","volume":"122","author":"Lee","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20260302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70840-2","article-title":"Bilateral aplasia of the optic nerves, chiasm, and tracts in an otherwise healthy infant","volume":"124","author":"Scott","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J 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case of bilateral optic nerve aplasia with microphthalmia: Neural retina formation is required for the coordinated development of ocular tissues","volume":"70","author":"Ohuchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Med Okayama"},{"key":"R11-20260302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1108_17","article-title":"Optic nerve aplasia: A case series","volume":"66","author":"Sadasivan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R12-20260302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1468_18","article-title":"Bilateral optic nerve aplasia with corpus callosum hypogenesis in an otherwise healthy child: Report of a rare case","volume":"67","author":"Rajan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R13-20260302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1080\/01658107.2019.1617320","article-title":"Aplasia of the optic nerve: A report of seven cases","volume":"44","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroophthalmology"},{"key":"R14-20260302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e232839","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-232839","article-title":"A case of occult bilateral optic nerve aplasia with pituitary dysfunction: Hidden anomaly missed on ultrasound","volume":"13","author":"Saxena","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"R15-20260302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e140","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000001246","article-title":"Optic nerve aplasia","volume":"42","author":"Saffren","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Oman Journal of 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