{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:01:00Z","timestamp":1792011660369,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) was initially developed back in 1989. The procedure stands out in the field of glaucoma for its significant safety profile and good efficacy. Unlike other surgical alternatives, evidence has noted that NPDS results in a controlled and gradual reduction of intraocular pressure. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize the technique, challenges posed, current innovations, and overall outcomes mentioned in the literature on NPDS for various types of glaucomas and its various disease stages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.ojo_389_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T17:00:52Z","timestamp":1761670852000},"page":"267-274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy: Challenges, innovations, and current evidence"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ahmed Mostafa","family":"Abdelrahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20251030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)80079-0","article-title":"Comparison of deep sclerectomy with collagen implant and trabeculectomy in open-angle glaucoma","volume":"25","author":"Mermoud","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R3-20251030","first-page":"36","article-title":"Postoperative endophthalmitis after non-pentrating deep sclerectomy","volume":"54","author":"Chiseli\u0163\u0103","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oftalmologia"},{"key":"R4-20251030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2008.08.023","article-title":"Nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery","volume":"53","author":"Mendrinos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-20251030","first-page":"33","article-title":"How does non-penetrating glaucoma surgery work?","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Non-Penetrating Glaucoma Surgery"},{"key":"R6-20251030","first-page":"229","article-title":"Visco-canalostomy:A new surgical technique for open angle glaucoma","volume":"25","author":"Stegmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"An Inst Barraquer"},{"key":"R7-20251030","article-title":"Deep sclerectomy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eyewiki:American Academy of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R8-20251030","first-page":"38","article-title":"Non-penetrating deep sclerectomy:A lifetime dedication and economical considerations","volume":"4","author":"Abdelrahman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Sci Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R9-20251030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s004170050371","article-title":"Variability of dissection depth in deep sclerectomy:Morphological analysis of the deep scleral flap","volume":"238","author":"Dietlein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R10-20251030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.11.004","article-title":"Trabeculotome-guided unroofing of Schlemm's canal","volume":"31","author":"Abdelrahman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R11-20251030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2004.12.089","article-title":"Trabeculotome-guided deep sclerectomy. 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