{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:17:18Z","timestamp":1787840238741,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One in every 10 women presents with abnormal vaginal discharge in Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, with the most common cause being candidiasis. Irrational use of antifungal for treatment of this condition leads to antifungal resistance and increase morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the private medical college hospital in Kolkata. One hundred and forty outpatient department prescriptions were screened and included in this study from March 2024 to April 2024, and the prescriptions of the previous 6 months were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The average number of drugs per prescription was 1.1. Antifungals were prescribed in 89.3%, out of which only 8.6% were in accordance with the standard treatment guidelines of management of vaginal candidiasis. The dose of the drug was written in 11.5% of the prescriptions while the duration of treatment was written in 84.9% of the prescriptions. The fungal culture and sensitivity testing was documented in only 10.7% of the prescriptions. 29.5% of the prescriptions had the generic name of the medicines whereas the complete diagnosis was written in only 13.7% of the prescriptions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights the commonly encountered errors in prescribing of antifungal drugs in a tertiary care teaching hospital. These errors may lead to irrational prescribing of antifungal and development of antifungal resistance in the long run. Active surveillance in the form of regular prescription audit and organizing regular training workshop for the prescribers will improve the prescribing practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/picr.picr_78_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T07:01:13Z","timestamp":1738047673000},"page":"81-86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study on antifungal usage in patients with vaginal itching and discharge at a private hospital in Kolkata using the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers and the World Health Organization prescribing criteria"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ankita","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpan","family":"Ganguly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soumyajit","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subhrojyoti","family":"Bhowmick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, KPC Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogrm.2019.10.004","article-title":"Vaginal discharge","volume":"30","author":"Rao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Med"},{"key":"R2-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/ijstd.ijstd_65_21","article-title":"Clinicoetiological study on vaginal discharge among sexually active women attending a tertiary center in North Kerala, India","volume":"44","author":"John","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS"},{"key":"R3-20250407","first-page":"849","article-title":"Antifungal drugs prescription pattern in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India","volume":"13","author":"Reena","year":"2023","journal-title":"Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"R4-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S175","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa394","article-title":"Core recommendations for antifungal stewardship: A statement of the mycoses study group education and research consortium","volume":"222","author":"Johnson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R6-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dlad141","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlad141","article-title":"Antifungal resistance and stewardship: A knowledge, attitudes and practices survey among pharmacy students at the University of Zambia;findings and implications","volume":"5","author":"Mudenda","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAC Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"R7-20250407","first-page":"19","article-title":"Rationality and prescribing pattern of anti microbials on female lower genital tract infection in a tertiary care hospital of Odisha","volume":"11","author":"Agasti","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Glob Pharm Technol"},{"key":"R10-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00720-1","article-title":"Tackling the emerging threat of antifungal resistance to human health","volume":"20","author":"Fisher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"R12-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S262104","article-title":"Prescribing pattern of antibiotics using WHO prescribing indicators among inpatients in Ethiopia: A need for antibiotic stewardship program","volume":"13","author":"Demoz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"R14-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_90_18","article-title":"A prescription audit using the World Health Organization-recommended core drug use indicators in a rural hospital of Delhi","volume":"8","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Educ Health Promot"},{"key":"R17-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.5455\/2319-2003.ijbcp003812","article-title":"Prescription auditing and drug utilization pattern in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Western UP","volume":"1","author":"Abidi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"R18-20250407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0016123","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00161-23","article-title":"Prevalence, associated factors, and appropriateness of empirical treatment of trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis among women with vaginitis","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"R19-20250407","first-page":"29","article-title":"Prescription practices of physicians, quality of care, and patients'safety: A mixed methods comprehensive study","volume":"18","author":"Abdullah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Health Sci (Qassim)"}],"container-title":["Perspectives in Clinical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/picr.picr_78_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:18:07Z","timestamp":1787836687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/picr.picr_78_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/picr.picr_78_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2229-3485","2229-5488"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2229-3485","type":"print"},{"value":"2229-5488","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-06","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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