{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:59:08Z","timestamp":1785214748608,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Natural compounds combined with human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSCs) transplantation could be considered an effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, the effects of bromelain administration in combination with hADSCs transplantation were evaluated for oligodendrocyte differentiation, myelin tissue regeneration, and improvement of motor function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Experimental approach:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After inducing an MS mouse model, the mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: MS, MS + bromelain, MS + stem cell, and MS + bromelain + stem cell. Besides, 16 mice were designated for the control and sham groups. Finally, the behavioral test is used to evaluate motor function and motor defects. Furthermore, immunofluorescent staining was used to evaluate the cell markers. The serum levels of IgG, as well as inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, were assessed using an ELISA test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings\/Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean percentages of Olig2- and Mog-positive cells, myelin density, and the serum levels of IL-10 and TGF-\u03b2 were significantly higher in the treated groups than in the MS group. However, the serum levels of IL-17 and IFN-\u03b3 in the MS group were significantly higher compared to the other groups. Also, the serum level of IgG in the MS group was significantly higher than in the other groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and implications:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It can be said that hADSCs transplantation, along with bromelain administration, is able to increase myelination and improve balance function. Therefore, the use of these agents could be a fundamental step towards finding a suitable method for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/rps.rps_183_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T04:00:18Z","timestamp":1785124818000},"page":"403-417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigating the in vivo effects of the human adipose tissue-derived stem cell transplantation and bromelain in myelin regeneration"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Sharare","family":"Rahnama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazem","family":"Ghasemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"R1-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.4103\/RPS.RPS_7_24","article-title":"The effectiveness of garlic (Allium sativum) extract in improving fatigue and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS): a randomized single-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"20","author":"Shaygannejad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"R2-20260728","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnoses and cell-based therapy","volume":"19","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell J"},{"issue":"1","key":"R3-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1583","DOI":"10.1002\/wsbm.1583","article-title":"Neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Mey","year":"2023","journal-title":"WIREs Mech Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"R4-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297918070052","article-title":"Involvement of mitochondria in neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis","volume":"83","author":"Kozin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochemistry (Mosc.)"},{"key":"R5-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2018.03.012","article-title":"Molecular pathology of multiple sclerosis lesions reveals a heterogeneous expression pattern of genes involved in oligodendrogliogenesis","volume":"305","author":"Zeis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"R6-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2011.240432","article-title":"Latitude is significantly associated with the prevalence of multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"82","author":"Simpson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"R7-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2019.1614904","article-title":"The role of viral infections in the development of autoimmune diseases","volume":"45","author":"Hussein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"R8-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.4271","article-title":"Association between cigarette smoking and multiple sclerosis: a review","volume":"77","author":"Rosso","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"9-10","key":"R9-20260728","first-page":"293","article-title":"Impact of vitamin D in neurological diseases and neurorehabilitation: from dementia to multiple sclerosis. 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