{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:38:00Z","timestamp":1787071080143,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total knee arthroplasty is associated with intense pain postoperatively. Thus, adequate pain relief is essential in the immediate postoperative period to enable ambulation, initiation of physiotherapy, and prevention of postoperative complications. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and early outcomes of adductor canal blockade (ACB) and continuous epidural analgesia (CEA) in patients who underwent a unilateral total knee replacement (TKR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective cohort study that was conducted in Riyadh with 80 patients receiving a unilateral total knee arthroplasty from August 2017 to July 2018. Forty patients received ACB, and 40 received CEA exclusively. The primary outcomes measured were the degree of knee flexion and extension in physiotherapy sessions on postoperative day 1 and discharge, how soon patients walked after surgery, length of hospital stay (LOS), local anesthetic and total opioid consumption, postoperative blood drainage output, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and pain scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significantly more patients receiving ACB could flex their knee in the first 24 h postoperatively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), and the total drain output was also significantly less (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Pain in the first 8, 24, and 48 h was less in the ACB group using a Visual Analog Scale (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). In addition, LOS, total opioid consumption, postoperative blood drain output, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and pain scores were significantly decreased after using ACB compared with epidural analgesia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provided evidence that ACB as postoperative analgesia after TKR is associated with better outcomes in terms of facilitating early functional recovery and mobility, and consequently prevents major postoperative complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.sja_354_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]],"date-time":"2020-01-07T05:44:53Z","timestamp":1578375893000},"page":"38-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Adductor canal blockade versus continuous epidural analgesia after total knee joint replacement: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Khalid A.","family":"Alsheikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S.","family":"Alkhelaifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed K.","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal A.","family":"Alhabradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal A.","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman A.","family":"Alsalim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali A.","family":"Alhandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arwa K.","family":"Aldosary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250925","first-page":"39","article-title":"Patient demand matching in total knee arthroplasty: Is it necessary?","volume":"14","author":"Bert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Knee Surg"},{"key":"R2-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-016-4770-y","article-title":"Can preoperative patient-reported outcome measures be used to predict meaningful improvement in function after TKA?","volume":"475","author":"Berliner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Orthop 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A GRADE analysis of the evidence through a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Kuang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"R13-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2017.9.3.303","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of continuous femoral nerve block and adductor canal block after primary total knee arthroplasty","volume":"9","author":"Seo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Surg"},{"key":"R14-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000015","article-title":"Adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block for analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: A randomized, double blind study","volume":"38","author":"Jaeger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"R15-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.1803.002","article-title":"Comparison of adductor canal block versus local infiltration analgesia on postoperative pain and functional outcome after total knee arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Kampitak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Malays Orthop J"},{"key":"R16-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2018.01.014","article-title":"Comparing adductor canal block with local infiltration analgesia in total knee arthroplasty: A prospective, blinded and randomized clinical trial","volume":"46","author":"Tong","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"R17-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.11.013","article-title":"Continuous adductor canal blocks provide superior ambulation and pain control compared to epidural analgesia for primary knee arthroplasty: A randomized, controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Kayupov","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/sja.SJA_354_19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:41:10Z","timestamp":1787067670000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/sja.SJA_354_19"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/sja.sja_354_19","relation":{},"ISSN":["1658-354X","0975-3125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1658-354X","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-3125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-05-27","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-15","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}