{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:36:27Z","timestamp":1787841387713,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emergence agitation (EA) in nasal surgeries is seen in around 22% of patients, which can go to dangerous levels. Dexmedetomidine is effective in prevention of EA in such patients. Midazolam given as premedication fails to prevent EA due to its short half-life. In this study, we compared efficacy of dexmedetomidine and midazolam by intravenous infusion for prevention of EA in adult nasal surgeries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seventy patients belonging to American society of anesthesiologist Status I and II, between 18 and 60 years of age posted for elective nasal surgeries were randomly divided into two groups. Group D received intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcg\/kg over 15 min followed by 0.1 mcg\/kg\/h. Group M received intravenous midazolam 0.02 mg\/kg over 15 min followed by 0.02 mg\/kg\/h. EA scores, emergence times, and hemodynamic parameters were monitored and compared between the groups. Statistical analysis was done by independent\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test, Mann\u2013Whitney U-test, and Chi-square test as applicable.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Incidence of EA was comparable between the groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.23). Two patients in midazolam group developed dangerous agitation while none in dexmedetomidine group. Patients in midazolam group (12.4%) were agitated even in postoperative period, which was not seen with dexmedetomidine group. Hypotension and bradycardia were seen more in dexmedetomidine group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Efficacy of midazolam when given as an intravenous infusion is comparable to dexmedetomidine in prevention of EA in nasal surgeries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.sja_419_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T01:07:11Z","timestamp":1515373631000},"page":"61-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Randomized comparison between dexmedetomidine and midazolam for prevention of emergence agitation after nasal surgeries"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Pranjali","family":"Kurhekar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Kancheepuram, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krishnagopal","family":"Vinod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pain Medicine, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Kancheepuram, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buddhan","family":"Rajarathinam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fortis Malar Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Shesha","family":"Dhiviya Krishna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Kancheepuram, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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