{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T12:28:32Z","timestamp":1787228912798,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to compare peri-tubal local anaesthetic (LA) infiltration with ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) as an analgesic technique for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) surgeries. The study hypothesised that patients receiving ESPB would require postoperative rescue analgesics later as compared to those receiving LA infiltration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study is a prospective, single-blinded, randomised clinical trial. Fifty-two adult patients undergoing unilateral PCNL were randomly allocated into the ESPB group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 26) or the LA infiltration group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 26). The block group received ultrasound-guided ESPB with 0.4 ml\/kg of 0.5% ropivacaine preoperatively, while the LA infiltration group received 0.4 ml\/kg of 0.5% ropivacaine in the peri-tubal track in two divided doses. The study\u2019s primary outcome was the time to first rescue analgesia, which was calculated from the patient\u2019s arrival in the post-anaesthesia care unit to the first patient-controlled analgesia pump bolus dose.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean (standard deviation) time to first analgesia was 2.3 (0.48) h in the LA infiltration group and 20.7 (6.1) h in the ESPB group, with a difference in means of \u2212 18.4 h (99% confidence interval, \u221221.8 to \u2212 14.9;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasound-guided ESPB provides superior perioperative analgesia compared to peri-tubal LA infiltration in PCNL surgeries, offering significantly improved pain relief during movement in the ESPB group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.sja_44_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T05:00:32Z","timestamp":1782968432000},"page":"538-544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perioperative pain relief in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A randomised trial of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block compared to peri-tubal anaesthetic infiltration"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Prerna","family":"Varma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishu","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komal Anil","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya Prakash","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suman","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.135040","article-title":"Ultrasound guided peritubal infiltration of 0.25% Bupivacaine versus 0.25% Ropivacaine for postoperative pain relief after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A prospective double blind randomized study","volume":"58","author":"Parikh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"R2-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2002.2366_2.x","article-title":"The management of pain following day-case surgery","volume":"57","author":"McHugh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R3-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0288781","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0288781","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block in postoperative analgesic of PCNL: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R4-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2022.07.017","article-title":"Efficiency and safety of erector spinae plane block in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials","volume":"168","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R5-20260820","first-page":"229","article-title":"The lumbar erector spinae plane block: A cadaveric study","volume":"52","author":"Kokar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"key":"R6-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2022-104012","article-title":"Spread of local anesthetics after erector spinae plane block: An MRI study in healthy volunteers","volume":"48","author":"S\u00f8renstua","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"R7-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000451","article-title":"The erector spinae plane block: A novel analgesic technique in thoracic Neuropathic Pain","volume":"41","author":"Forero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"R8-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.d.19.00012","article-title":"The erector spinae plane block: A narrative review","volume":"72","author":"Kot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R9-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2017.12.004","article-title":"Effect of intercostal nerve block and nephrostomy tract infiltration with ropivacaine on postoperative pain control after tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A prospective, randomized, and case-controlled trial","volume":"114","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R10-20260820","first-page":"E388","article-title":"Current advances in pain regimens for percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A comprehensive review","volume":"17","author":"Paneque","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"key":"R11-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9185.86591","article-title":"The analgesic efficacy of peritubal infiltration of 0.25% bupivacaine in percutaneous nephrolithotomy-A prospective randomized study","volume":"27","author":"Parikh","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"R12-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-019-00673-w","article-title":"Analgesic efficacy of erector spinae plane block in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"68","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anaesthesist"},{"key":"R13-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2019.0777","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of the erector spinae plane block for postoperative pain in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"34","author":"Gultekin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"R14-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.SJA_26_20","article-title":"Postoperative analgesic efficacy of fluoroscopy-guided erector spinae plane block after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): A randomized controlled study","volume":"14","author":"Prasad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Saudi J Anaesth"},{"key":"R15-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.IJA_1450_20","article-title":"Comparison of erector spinae plane block and LAanaesthetic infiltration of the incision site for postoperative analgesia in percutaneous nephrolithotomy-A randomised parallel-group study","volume":"65","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"R16-20260820","first-page":"e22554","article-title":"Should the erector spinae plane block be applied in the pain management of percutaneous nephrolithotomy?","volume":"14","author":"Unal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"R17-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3625","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18073625","article-title":"Erector spinae plane block for perioperative analgesia after percutaneous nephrolithotomy","volume":"18","author":"Bryniarski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"R18-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2021.10.006","article-title":"Postoperative pain relief following lumbar erector spinae plane block in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"160","author":"Sarkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R19-20260820","first-page":"11639","article-title":"How I Do It: ERAS protocol featuring erector spinae plane block for percutaneous nephrolithotomy","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"R20-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.237408","article-title":"The erector spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia after percutaneous nephrolithotomy","volume":"131","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"R21-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02691-7","article-title":"Effects of anterior quadratus lumborum block versus erector spinae plane block on postoperative acute pain in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A prospective, observational study","volume":"24","author":"Turkan","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R22-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2004.18.544","article-title":"Renal capsular block: A novel method for performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy under local anesthesia","volume":"18","author":"Dalela","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Endourol"},{"key":"R23-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20543","article-title":"Measures of adult pain: Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS Pain), Numeric Rating Scale for Pain (NRS Pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Chronic Pain Grade Scale (CPGS), Short Form-36 Bodily Pain Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP)","volume":"63","author":"Hawker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"R24-20260820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3126\/kumj.v10i2.7342","article-title":"Postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy under subarachnoid block: A randomized study of dexamethasone prophylaxis","volume":"10","author":"Khatiwada","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kathmandu Univ Med J KUMJ"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/sja.sja_44_26","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T12:01:31Z","timestamp":1787227291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/sja.sja_44_26"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/sja.sja_44_26","relation":{},"ISSN":["1658-354X","0975-3125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1658-354X","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-3125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-17","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-16","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}