{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:47:08Z","timestamp":1787071628878,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/sjg.sjg_140_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T06:00:14Z","timestamp":1758780014000},"page":"329-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Use of wireless capsule endoscopy for the diagnosis and grading of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Omer","family":"Usman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deipthan","family":"Prabakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam A.","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad A.","family":"Basit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UHS Wilson Medical Center, Johnson City, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul R.","family":"Awan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nishtar Hospital, Multan, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad W.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MUSC Health Lancaster Medical Center, Lancaster, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad U.","family":"Shahbaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercy Hospital Fort Smith, Fort Smith, AR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrar","family":"Atiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Guithre Robert Pecker Hospital, Sayre, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abirami","family":"Rajendiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Estrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rehaab","family":"Mujahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.03.012","article-title":"Screening and surveillance of varices in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"17","author":"Jakab","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R2-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4292\/wjgpt.v10.i1.1","article-title":"Update on the management of gastrointestinal varices","volume":"10","author":"Boregowda","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R3-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17941","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i47.17941","article-title":"Risk factors for early rebleeding and mortality in acute variceal hemorrhage","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R4-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000589","article-title":"Use of wireless capsule endoscopy for the diagnosis and grading of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension","volume":"51","author":"McCarty","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R5-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v13.i12.628","article-title":"Primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis:A comparison of different strategies","volume":"13","author":"de Mattos","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"R6-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13081445","article-title":"Intelligent wireless capsule endoscopy for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"13","author":"Mehedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"R7-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement:An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R8-20251105","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5"},{"key":"R9-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","article-title":"QUADAS-2:A revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies","volume":"155","author":"Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R10-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-010-1272-8","article-title":"Defining the threshold:new data on the ability of capsule endoscopy to discriminate the size of esophageal varices","volume":"56","author":"Schreibman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"R11-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-921189","article-title":"The accuracy of PillCam ESO capsule endoscopy versus conventional upper endoscopy for the diagnosis of esophageal varices:a prospective three-center pilot study","volume":"38","author":"Eisen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endoscopy."},{"key":"R12-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e078581","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-078581","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of magnetically guided capsule endoscopy with a detachable string for detecting oesophagogastric varices in adults with cirrhosis:prospective multicentre study","volume":"384","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R13-20251105","first-page":"802","article-title":"A prospective single blinded comparative trial of capsule esophagoscopy vs traditional EGD for variceal screening","volume":"132A","author":"Groce","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R14-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.11.027","article-title":"Capsule endoscopy is not as accurate as esophagogastroduodenoscopy in screening cirrhotic patients for varices","volume":"10","author":"Chavalitdhamrong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R15-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12372","article-title":"Is small-bowel capsule endoscopy effective for diagnosis of esophagogastric lesions related to portal hypertension?","volume":"29","author":"Aoyama","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R16-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0856-6845","article-title":"Detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy for complete viewing of the esophagus and stomach","volume":"51","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"R17-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2021.04.024","article-title":"The impact of reader fatigue on the accuracy of capsule endoscopy interpretation","volume":"53","author":"Beg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"R18-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22227","article-title":"Esophageal capsule endoscopy for screening and surveillance of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension","volume":"47","author":"de Franchis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R19-20251105","first-page":"A58","article-title":"Wireless capsule oesophagoscopy (PilCam ESO) compared to upper GI endoscopy in the detection of oesophageal varices","volume":"55","author":"Donnelly","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R20-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4480","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.4480","article-title":"Comparison of esophageal capsule endoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy for diagnosis of esophageal varices","volume":"14","author":"Frenette","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R21-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2007.10.022","article-title":"Study comparing oesophageal capsule endoscopy versus EGD in the detection of varices","volume":"40","author":"Pena","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"R22-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.4161\/jig.22173","article-title":"String capsule endoscopy for screening and surveillance of esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"2","author":"Stipho","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Interv Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R23-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.41037.x","article-title":"Feasibility and safety of string wireless capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis of esophageal varices","volume":"100","author":"Ramirez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R24-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-921034","article-title":"PillCam ESO in esophageal studies:Improved diagnostic yield of 14 frames per second (fps) compared with 4 fps","volume":"38","author":"Koslowsky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"R25-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01731.x","article-title":"Screening for esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus with wireless esophageal capsule endoscopy:A multicenter prospective trial in patients with reflux symptoms","volume":"103","author":"Galmiche","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R26-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.86","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of esophageal capsule endoscopy for Barrett's esophagus in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease","volume":"104","author":"Bhardwaj","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R27-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1391393","article-title":"Screening of esophageal varices by esophageal capsule endoscopy:Results of a French multicenter prospective study","volume":"47","author":"Sacher-Huvelin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"R28-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21907","article-title":"Prevention and management of gastroesophageal varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis","volume":"46","author":"Garcia-Tsao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatol"},{"key":"R29-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S1052-5157(18)30363-5","article-title":"Complications of conscious sedation","volume":"6","author":"Benjamin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am"},{"key":"R30-20251105","first-page":"909","article-title":"[Complications of gastrointestinal endoscopy:Gastroscopy and colonoscopy","volume":"27","author":"Lapalus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"R31-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.1.12","article-title":"Sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy:Results of a nationwide survey","volume":"32","author":"Daneshmend","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R32-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.66","article-title":"Esophageal capsule endoscopy vs. EGD for the evaluation of portal hypertension:A French prospective multicenter comparative study","volume":"104","author":"Lapalus","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R33-20251105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-924975","article-title":"Esophageal capsule endoscopy versus esophagogastroduodenoscopy for evaluating portal hypertension:A prospective comparative study of performance and tolerance","volume":"38","author":"Lapalus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"R34-20251105","first-page":"1","article-title":"Capsule endoscopy in the assessment of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding:An economic analysis","volume":"15","author":"Palimaka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ont Health Technol Assess Ser"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/sjg.sjg_140_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:49:51Z","timestamp":1787068191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/sjg.sjg_140_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/sjg.sjg_140_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-3767","1998-4049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-3767","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-4049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-20","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-12","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}