{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T05:26:51Z","timestamp":1787117211155,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Knowledge about clinical implications of non-spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (non-SBP) cirrhotic patients defined by ascitic fluid PMN (A-PMN) counts <250 cells\/\u03bcL is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the development of SBP in non-SBP cirrhotic patients with high A-PMN counts and compare it with low A-PMN count.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n In this prospective observational study, cirrhotic patients with ascites were stratified into three categories based on A-PMN counts: 1) SBP group (PMN \u2265250 cells\/\u03bcL,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 25), 2) Intermediate A-PMN group (I-PMN) (PMN counts: 60\u2013249 cells\/\u03bcL,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 50), and 3) Low A-PMN group (L-PMN) (PMN counts \u226460 cells\/\u03bcL,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 81). All patients were followed periodically up to 6 months for development of SBP.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n All the demographic profiles of patients including CTP and MELD-Na scores were similar among all the three groups. Eleven patients (44%) in SBP and five patients (10%) in the I-PMN group developed SBP, whereas none of the patients in the L-PMN group developed SBP (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). A-PMN counts (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.02) were found to be significantly correlated with follow-up development of SBP. APMN counts \u2265171 cells\/\u03bcL predicted the development of SBP with 87.5% sensitivity and 87.9% specificity. The 6 months mortalities in I-PMN and L-PMN groups were comparable. The rehospitalization rate in I-PMN is significantly higher than that in L-PMN.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Patients of the I-PMN group are associated with a significantly higher rate of development of SBP at month 6 as compared to the L-PMN group.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sjg.sjg_173_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T05:00:22Z","timestamp":1787115622000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear cell counts on development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis and ascites: A prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"Sanjeev K.","family":"Jha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saumyaleen","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gourav K.","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belal","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravikant","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Chapter 93","key":"R1-20260819","first-page":"Page:1481","article-title":"Ascites and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis","author":"Sol\u00e0","journal-title":"Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management"},{"key":"R2-20260819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.01.024","article-title":"Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: A position statement based on the EASL Special Conference 2013","volume":"60","author":"Jalan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R3-20260819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.204","article-title":"The 22\/11 risk prediction model: A validated model for predicting 30-day mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis","volume":"108","author":"Tandon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R4-20260819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-017-4637-4","article-title":"Relative ascites polymorphonuclear cell count indicates bacterascites and risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis","volume":"62","author":"Lutz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"R5-20260819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3101-1","article-title":"Clinical and bacteriological features and prognosis of ascitic fluid infection in Chinese patients with cirrhosis","volume":"18","author":"Ning","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Number 1 (Suppl)","key":"R6-20260819","volume":"72","author":"Kevork","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R7-20260819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640619843000","article-title":"Ascitic fluid polymorphic 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mortality in cirrhotic patients with ascites","volume":"35","author":"Schwabl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"R11-20260819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.55729\/2000-9666.1475","article-title":"How do polymorphonuclear counts in ascitic fluid correlate to hospital outcome","volume":"15","author":"Haddadin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect"},{"key":"R12-20260819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2017.1411973","article-title":"Low ascitic fluid total protein levels is not associated to the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in a cohort of 274 patients with cirrhosis","volume":"53","author":"Mo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R13-20260819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-020-01040-z","article-title":"Predictors of immediate and short-term mortality in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis","volume":"39","author":"Sanglodkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of 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