{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:35:06Z","timestamp":1786739706573,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR), a member of the growing superfamily, is a basic helix-loop-helix\/PerAHR nuclear translocator (ARNT)-Sim (bHLH-PAS) protein. AHRR has been proposed to function as a putative new tumor suppressor gene based on studies in multiple types of human cancers. This current study aims to investigate AHHR expression and its prognostic significance in gallbladder cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study includes 48 gallbladder cancer and 34 chronic cholecystitis cases as controls. The expression level of AHRR was analyzed by using semi-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The results were correlated with different clinical parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We demonstrate that the expression of AHRR is significantly down-regulated in gallbladder cancer tissue samples as compared to that in chronic cholecystitis tissue samples by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.017) and immunohistochemistry analysis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002). Interestingly, our RT-PCR data revealed that AHRR mRNA expression is frequently down-regulated (45.8%; 22\/48) in cases as compared to 14.7% (5\/34) in controls. Similarly, immunohistochemical analysis data show significant down-regulation of AHRR expression in 77.1% (37\/48) of gallbladder cancer cases than 44.1% (15\/34) in controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.017). Reduced mRNA and protein expression is significantly associated with advanced T-stage (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), histological differentiation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), and tumors with nodal metastasis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). Decreased expression of AHRR is significantly associated with poor prognosis in gallbladder cancer patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion, the present study suggests that low AHRR expression may be critical in gallbladder cancer development. Our data suggests that AHRR may act as a tumor suppressor gene and its expression profile may be useful as a diagnostic marker in gallbladder cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sjg.sjg_213_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T03:40:02Z","timestamp":1597635602000},"page":"54-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Expression analysis of aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) gene in gallbladder cancer"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Puneet","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khushi","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruhi","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhi","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satyendra K","family":"Tiwary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gopeshwar","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V K","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2018.12.008","article-title":"Gallbladder cancer: Diagnosis, surgical management, and adjuvant therapies","volume":"99","author":"Hickman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"R2-8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3978","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i22.3978","article-title":"Gallbladder cancer epidemiology, pathogenesis and molecular genetics: Recent update","volume":"23","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R3-8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.51.6.349","article-title":"Epidemiology and molecular pathology of gallbladder cancer","volume":"51","author":"Lazcano-Ponce","year":"2001","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R5-8-20240829","first-page":"99","article-title":"Gallbladder cancer: Epidemiology and outcome","volume":"6","author":"Hundal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"R6-8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.13.1.20","article-title":"Identification of a novel mechanism of regulation of Ah (dioxin) receptor function","volume":"3","author":"Mimura","year":"1999","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"R7-8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.10.742","article-title":"Genetic alterations at 5p15: A potential marker for progression of precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix","volume":"87","author":"Mitra","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"R8-8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v9.i8.1713","article-title":"Refinement of heterozygosity loss on chromosome 5p15 in sporadic colorectal cancer","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2003","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R9-8-20240829","first-page":"4169","article-title":"Whole genome amplification and high-throughput allelotyping identified five distinct deletion regions on chromosomes 5 and 6 in microdissected early-tage ovarian tumors","volume":"61","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"R10-8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(20000320)89:2<194::AID-IJC15>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Loss of heterozygosity analysis on chromosome 5p defines 5p13-12 as the critical region involved in tumor progression of bladder carcinomas","volume":"89","author":"B\u00f6hm","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R11-8-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19981123)78:5<600::AID-IJC12>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Distinct regions of frequent loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 5p and 5q in human esophageal cancer","volume":"78","author":"Peralta","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R12-8-20240829","first-page":"97","article-title":"Allelic deletion mapping on chromosome 5 in human carcinomas","volume":"12","author":"Wieland","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"R13-8-20240829","first-page":"640","article-title":"The aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor is a putative tumor suppressor gene in multiple human cancers. 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