{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:58:51Z","timestamp":1785214731364,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the incidence, etiological factors, predictors, and clinical outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This retrospective cohort study included patients with ICH who were admitted to the ICU of Rashid Hospital, Dubai, between 2019 and 2024. Patients were grouped into AKI and non-AKI groups depending on the occurrence of AKI according to KDIGO clinical practice guidelines. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, potential risk factors, and clinical outcomes were compared between both groups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 418 patients were included (median age: 44 years; males: 79.2%). Of these, 138 patients developed AKI (33%). AKI was more common in patients with spontaneous ICH (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.016), males with hypertensive crisis, lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, and higher APACHE II scores (for all,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Significant etiological factors included hypertensive crisis (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.005), hypotension (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.024), high intracranial pressure (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.004), blood transfusion (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002), diabetes insipidus (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), and rhabdomyolysis (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.017). Lower GCS scores on admission was associated with AKI (\n rpb<\/jats:italic>\n : \u22120.23;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Factors that were independently associated with the development of early AKI were history of chronic kidney disease (OR: 4.79, 95% CI: 2.29\u201310.04;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), diabetes insipidus (OR: 3.97, 95% CI: 1.95\u20138.10;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), and hypertensive crisis (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.21\u20133.61;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.008). AKI was associated with lower GCS score at ICU discharge (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) and increased length of ICU stay (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.017), requirement for and duration of mechanical ventilation, incidence of brain death, 28-day mortality (for all,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), and >28-day mortality (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.004).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Acute kidney injury (AKI) develops in about one third of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Lower GCS score, chronic kidney disease history, diabetes insipidus and hypertensive crisis are independently associated with increased odds of AKI. AKI is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality in ICH patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sjmms.sjmms_156_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T20:00:15Z","timestamp":1784664015000},"page":"261-268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology and Outcome of Early Acute Kidney Injuries in Patients with Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Admitted to the Apex Neurosciences Center in Dubai"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Bhushan S.","family":"Wankhade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeyad F.","family":"Alrais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maged M. K.","family":"Beniamein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ammar M. A.","family":"Hadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhavi M.","family":"Telang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayeem G.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin K.","family":"Bhosale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ammar A.","family":"Salman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iram","family":"Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meeruna","family":"Narainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaikha B.","family":"Alfalasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dubai Medical College, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed H.","family":"Elkhouly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000542566","article-title":"Intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis Extra"},{"key":"R2-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930241307876","article-title":"World Stroke Organization (WSO): Global intracerebral hemorrhage factsheet 2025","volume":"20","author":"Parry-Jones","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"R3-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873251340815","article-title":"European Stroke Organisation (ESO) and European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) guideline on stroke due to spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage","volume":"10","author":"Steiner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Stroke J"},{"key":"R4-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2022.101328","article-title":"Essential topics about the imaging diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhagic stroke: A comprehensive review of the 2022 AHA guidelines","volume":"47","author":"Gil-Garcia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol"},{"key":"R5-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2020-000386","article-title":"In-hospital complications affect short-term and long-term mortality in ICH: A prospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol"},{"key":"R6-20260728","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007704","article-title":"VISTA-ICH Collaboration. 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