{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:31:25Z","timestamp":1787776285150,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute chest syndrome is a major cause of pulmonary disease and mortality in sickle cell disease patients. Its diagnosis can be delayed due to differing imaging patterns between children and adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to describe the pulmonary and extrapulmonary imaging findings in sickle cell disease patients with acute chest syndrome and determine differences in findings between adult and pediatric patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective study analyzed the data of all sickle cell disease patients who were admitted with a diagnosis of acute chest syndrome to King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia, between January and June 2015 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 150). After grouping the patients into adults and pediatrics, the pulmonary and extrapulmonary characteristics were identified and the digital radiography, computed tomography and laboratory findings were compared.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 116 patients with 163 acute chest syndrome episodes met the inclusion criteria, of which 69 (60%) were adults. In both adult and pediatric patients, the most frequent pulmonary finding was consolidation of the lung parenchyma. The right lung was most frequently involved: the lower lobe in adult patients and the middle lobe in pediatric patients. In addition, pleural effusion was observed in both age groups. Extrapulmonary radiological findings, such as avascular necrosis and cardiomegaly, were significantly more common in adult patients than in pediatric patients (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Compared with adults, pediatric patients had significantly lower hemoglobin levels (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and oxygen tension fraction in arterial blood (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.007).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric and adult sickle cell disease patients with acute chest syndrome typically exhibited similar pulmonary characteristics, whereas extrapulmonary findings were more prominent in adult patients. Furthermore, low levels of hemoglobin and oxygen tension fraction were dependent predictors of acute chest syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sjmms.sjmms_174_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T06:01:59Z","timestamp":1555048919000},"page":"74-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Radiological Patterns in Sickle Cell Disease Patients with Acute Chest Syndrome: Are There Age-Related Differences?"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Abdulaziz Mohammad","family":"Al-Sharydah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alshahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Critical Care, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bander","family":"Aldhaferi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afnan Fahad","family":"Al-Muhanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanadi","family":"Al-Thani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1979.03630380047016","article-title":"\u201cAcute chest syndrome\u201d in adults with sickle cell anemia. 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