{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T18:10:44Z","timestamp":1792606244920,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PURPOSE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate and identify the ability of the Oculus Pentacam parameters to distinguish subclinical keratoconus (SCKC) and clinical keratoconus (CKC) at different stages in normal eyes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SCKC (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 28), KC Stage I (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 25), KC Stage II (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 40), KC Stage III (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 35), KC Stage IV (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 26), and normal eyes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 46) were analyzed using the Oculus Pentacam HR. Comparisons between groups were assessed using Kruskal\u2013Wallis and pairwise comparison Dunn tests. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the predictive accuracy of each parameter, as described by the area under the curve (AUC). The AUCs were compared using the DeLong method.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SCKC group demonstrated a notable decrease in corneal thickness compared with the normal group. Index Surface Variance (ISV) had the highest ability to distinguish SCKC from normal (AUC: 0.897, sensitivity: 78.57%, specificity: 95.74%), followed by Ambr\u00f3sio-Relational Thickness (ARTmax). ISV and index vertical asymmetry showed perfect discrimination ability to distinguish KC Stage I from normal eyes. Most of the Pentacam parameters had sufficient strength to differentiate between Stage II and normal eyes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ISV from Pentacam was the most sensitive parameter for detecting SCKC, Stage I KC, and Stage II KC. Pentacam indices related to corneal thickness may be particularly valuable for identifying early signs of corneal ectasia when no abnormalities in topography are observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_261_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T07:03:15Z","timestamp":1759215795000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comprehensive evaluation of oculus pentacam in subclinical keratoconus and clinical keratoconus patients at different stages"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Norsyariza","family":"Razak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bariah M.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry and Vision Science Program, Optometry and Vision Science Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan H. 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