{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:24:45Z","timestamp":1787772285957,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common form of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus commonly seen in photoexposed regions. Eyelid involvement in DLE is relatively rare. We present three cases of DLE with eyelid involvement. It closely mimics many clinical conditions; hence, diagnosis is often late. When left untreated, it can lead to many complications. The aim of this case series is to emphasize that ophthalmologists and dermatologists are aware of the various presentations of DLE in eyelids to prevent any misdiagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_34_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T05:31:05Z","timestamp":1716183065000},"page":"353-355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Discoid lupus erythematosus of eyelids \u2013 Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Palaniappan","family":"Vijayasankar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaliaperumal","family":"Karthikeyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-14-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2004.01076.x","article-title":"Discoid lupus erythematosus involving the eyelids","volume":"19","author":"Gim\u00e9nez-Garc\u00eda","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"R3-14-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20164708","article-title":"Periorbital discoid lupus: A rare localization in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"91","author":"Cakici","year":"2016","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"R4-14-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(83)34367-0","article-title":"Discoid lupus erythematosus of the eyelids","volume":"90","author":"Huey","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R5-14-20240830","first-page":"474","article-title":"Discoid lupus erythematosus presenting as upper eyelid edema and erythema","volume":"55","author":"Darjani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Med Iran"},{"key":"R6-14-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32327-4","article-title":"Persistent red and swollen eyelids","volume":"392","author":"Maya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R7-14-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2018.0019","article-title":"Erythematous plaque on the inferior eyelid","volume":"154","author":"Costamilan","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"R8-14-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00087.x","article-title":"A case of discoid lupus erythematosus of the eyelid","volume":"33","author":"Koga","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"R9-14-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2012.00777.x","article-title":"Severe chronic blepharitis and scarring ectropion associated with discoid lupus erythematosus","volume":"96","author":"Kopsachilis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"R10-14-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.142483","article-title":"Side-effects of topical steroids: A long overdue revisit","volume":"5","author":"Coondoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_34_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:35:47Z","timestamp":1787769347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_34_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_34_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-4534"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-4534","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}}}