{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:24:44Z","timestamp":1787772284834,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PURPOSE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the causes and long-term outcomes after intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) explantation in the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This was retrospective cohort study. Two groups were analyzed: Group one, ICRS surgery done in our hospital (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 41) and group two, surgery done outside but removed in our hospital (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 29). Causes and postoperative management after ICRS removal were analyzed. For statistical analysis, groups were analyzed into two subgroups of causes of ICRS removal: Visual disturbance versus extrusion\/infection\/neovascularization (NV) subgroups; and two subgroups of postoperative treatment: Corneal transplant (CT) versus Contact lens (CL)\/eyeglasses subgroups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The most common cause of ICRS removal in group one was visual disturbance (45.2%) while in group two was extrusion (41.2%). CL is the preferable management after explantation. 76% of ICRS removal occurred during the first 4 years. In group 1, there was significant worse preimplantation visual acuity (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02) in CT subgroup versus CL\/eyeglasses. CT subgroup had lower pachymetry of 437.4 \u03bcm (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04) and higher myopia of 8.05 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.03) than CL\/eyeglasses subgroup. For group two, there was a significant improvement in uncorrected visual acuity in visual disturbances subgroup after explantation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004). After explantation, visual disturbances subgroup had higher myopia -4.4 than extrusion subgroup -1.15 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy-six percent of ICRS removal occurred during the first 4 years. High myopia and pachymetry lower than 437 um were associated with visual disturbances and further management with corneal transplantation. High myopia was also associated with visual disturbances in surgeries done outside our hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_70_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T06:29:15Z","timestamp":1716186555000},"page":"64-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Long-term outcomes and causes of intrastromal corneal ring segment explantation in a tertiary eye hospital"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Hussain F.","family":"Al-Habboubi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hernan","family":"Martinez-Osorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azza M.","family":"Y. 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