{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:27:21Z","timestamp":1786739241262,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>We present a case of an older patient with toxic chiasmatic optic neuropathy accompanied by bitemporal hemianopia associated with ethambutol use. The patient experienced gradual visual defect recovery that was concurrent with an improvement of chiasmal enhancement in the repeat magnetic resonance imaging performed at his 6-month follow-up. However, his visual field pattern sharply changed to left inferior homonymous quadrantanopia because of a new episode of occipital lobe infarction. After 2 years, the patient's visual function reached the best-corrected visual acuity of 20\/20 in both eyes, although he had the sequela of homonymous quadrantanopia related to the infarction. Optical coherence tomography revealed that the loss on the macular ganglion cell\u2013inner plexiform layer was related to retrograde transsynaptic degeneration caused by ethambutol-related chiasmopathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/tjo.tjo_27_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T14:09:15Z","timestamp":1626098955000},"page":"343-346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ethambutol optic neuropathy with correspondent chiasmitis manifestation in magnetic resonance imaging"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yu-Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Kang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu-Lun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2015.05.004","article-title":"Incidence and prognostic factor of ethambutol-related optic neuropathy: 10-year experience in southern Taiwan","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"R2-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-301870","article-title":"Ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy: A nationwide population-based study from Taiwan","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R3-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e318205a148","article-title":"Bitemporal visual field defects in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy","volume":"31","author":"Kho","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"R4-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000141","article-title":"Optochiasmatic and peripheral neuropathy due to ethambutol overtreatment","volume":"34","author":"Geyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.107326","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography can monitor reversible nerve-fibre layer changes in a patient with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy","volume":"91","author":"Zoumalan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr125","article-title":"Transneuronal retrograde degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and optic tract in hemianopic monkeys and humans","volume":"134","author":"Cowey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R7-15-20240830","first-page":"977","article-title":"Ethambutol induces impaired autophagic flux and apoptosis in the rat retina","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"R8-15-20240830","first-page":"190","article-title":"Ethambutol is toxic to retinal ganglion cells via an excitotoxic pathway","volume":"40","author":"Heng","year":"1999","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R9-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e3182901969","article-title":"Drug-related mitochondrial optic neuropathies","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"R10-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2008.11.006","article-title":"Ethambutol-induced toxicity is mediated by zinc and lysosomal membrane permeabilization in cultured retinal cells","volume":"235","author":"Chung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"R11-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.01.171","article-title":"Ethambutol neutralizes lysosomes and causes lysosomal zinc accumulation","volume":"471","author":"Yamada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"R12-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1999.8846","article-title":"Ethambutol-induced vacuolar changes and neuronal loss in rat retinal cell culture: Mediation by endogenous zinc","volume":"162","author":"Yoon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"R13-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.1997.13.473","article-title":"Reversibility of ethambutol optic neuropathy","volume":"13","author":"Tsai","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R14-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.17-22988","article-title":"Ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer as predictors of vision recovery in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy: A longitudinal OCT analysis","volume":"59","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R15-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1080\/01658107.2017.1322616","article-title":"Sibling ethambutol optic chiasmopathy","volume":"42","author":"Jayanetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroophthalmology"},{"key":"R16-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7052","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10308","article-title":"Retinal function and morphology in monkeys with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy","volume":"53","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R17-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2009.0064","article-title":"Serial retinal nerve fiber layer changes in patients with toxic optic neuropathy associated with antituberculosis pharmacotherapy","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R18-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-004-1053-1","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography can measure axonal loss in patients with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy","volume":"243","author":"Zoumalan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R19-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-015-3150-8","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy","volume":"253","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R20-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.07.026","article-title":"Natural history of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: Longitudinal analysis of the retinal nerve fiber layer by optical coherence tomography","volume":"117","author":"Barboni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R21-15-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2018-312063","article-title":"Diagnostic value of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer for early detection of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy","volume":"103","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/tjo.tjo_27_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T19:27:07Z","timestamp":1786735627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/tjo.tjo_27_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/tjo.tjo_27_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-5056"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-5056","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}}}