{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:35:15Z","timestamp":1787758515205,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plants are an important option in the treatment of malaria, especially in endemic regions, and are a less expensive and more accessible alternative with a lower risk of toxicity. Colombia has a great diversity of plants, and evaluation of natural extracts could result in the discovery of new compounds for the development of antimalarial drugs. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      antiplasmodial activity and the cytotoxicity of plant extracts from the Colombian North Coast against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The antiplasmodial activity of 12 plant species from the Colombian North Coast that are used in traditional medicine was evaluated through\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      cultures of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and the cytotoxicity of extracts of these species to human cells was determined. Plant extracts with high antiplasmodial activity were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Extracts from five plants had promising antiplasmodial activity. Specifically,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bursera simaruba<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Burseraceae) (bark),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Guazuma ulmifolia Lam<\/jats:italic>\n                      . (Malvaceae) (whole plant),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Murraya exotica<\/jats:italic>\n                      L. (Rutaceae) (leaves),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hippomane mancinella<\/jats:italic>\n                      L. (Euphorbiaceae) (seeds), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Capparis odoratissima Jacq<\/jats:italic>\n                      . (Capparaceae) (leaves). Extracts presented 50% inhibitory concentration values between 1 and 9 \u03bcg\/ml. Compared to no extract, these active plant extracts did not show cytotoxic effects on mononuclear cells or hemolytic activity in healthy human erythrocytes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results obtained from this\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      study of antiplasmodial activity suggest that active plant extracts from the Colombian North Coast are promising for future bioassay-guided fractionation to allow the isolation of active compounds and to elucidate their mechanism of action against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/tp.tp_9_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T05:03:44Z","timestamp":1669266224000},"page":"78-86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["In vitro antiplasmodial activity of selected plants from the Colombian North Coast with low cytotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Saray","family":"Vergara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredyc","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Diez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Bautista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Moneriz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.00391","article-title":"Phylogeny predicts the quantity of antimalarial alkaloids within the iconic yellow cinchona bark (Rubiaceae: Cinchona calisaya)","volume":"8","author":"Maldonado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"R2-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-168","article-title":"Malaria in South America: A drug discovery perspective","volume":"12","author":"Cruz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"R3-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx431","article-title":"Clinical implications of Plasmodium resistance to atovaquone\/proguanil: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Staines","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"R4-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-7-27","article-title":"Folk medicine in the northern coast of Colombia: An overview","volume":"7","author":"G\u00f3mez-Estrada","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Ethnobiol Ethnomed"},{"key":"R5-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013000826","article-title":"Antimalarial drug discovery \u2013 The path towards eradication","volume":"141","author":"Burrows","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"R6-3-20240909","first-page":"619","article-title":"Tamizaje fitoqu\u00edmico preliminar de especies de plantas promisorias de la costa atl\u00e1ntica colombiana","volume":"18","author":"Beltr\u00e1n Villanueva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Cubana Plant Med"},{"key":"R7-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2018.04.019","article-title":"Protein carbonylation is a mediator in larvicidal mechanisms of Tabernaemontana cymosa ethanolic extract","volume":"31","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Cavallo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ Sci"},{"key":"R8-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.04.018","article-title":"Antimalarial activity of some plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Kwale district of Kenya","volume":"112","author":"Muthaura","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"R9-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.198","article-title":"Synchronous culture of Plasmodium falciparum at high parasitemia levels","volume":"4","author":"Radfar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"R10-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-279","article-title":"Haemoglobin interference and increased sensitivity of fluorimetric assays for quantification of low-parasitaemia Plasmodium infected erythrocytes","volume":"8","author":"Moneriz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"R11-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-0879-6","article-title":"The use of microfluorometric method for activity-guided isolation of antiplasmodial compound from plant extracts","volume":"102","author":"Shuaibu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"R12-3-20240909","first-page":"A.3B.1","article-title":"Trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability","volume":"21","author":"Strober","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Immunol"},{"key":"R13-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.v27i4.176","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of the herbicide glyphosate in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells","volume":"27","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomedica"},{"key":"R14-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2007.06.010","article-title":"In vitro models of oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes: Effect of antioxidant supplements","volume":"21","author":"Shiva Shankar Reddy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"R15-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-82","article-title":"Parasitostatic effect of maslinic acid. I. growth arrest of Plasmodium falciparum intraerythrocytic stages","volume":"10","author":"Moneriz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"R16-3-20240909","first-page":"289","article-title":"Qualitative phytochemical screening and in vitro antimicrobial effects of methanol stem bark extract of Ficus thonningii (Moraceae)","volume":"6","author":"Usman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"R17-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2301-x","article-title":"Anti-plasmodial effect of plant extracts from Picrolemma huberi and Picramnia latifolia","volume":"17","author":"Berthi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"R18-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2006.11.004","article-title":"In vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity activities of 14 medicinal plants from Kenya","volume":"73","author":"Irungu","year":"2007","journal-title":"S Afr J Bot"},{"key":"R19-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2013.03.067","article-title":"Recent advances in malaria drug discovery","volume":"23","author":"Biamonte","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"key":"R20-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2017.09.002","article-title":"Medicinal plants for in vitro antiplasmodial activities: A systematic review of literature","volume":"66","author":"Lemma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitol Int"},{"key":"R22-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1976","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23081976","article-title":"An ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological review on lignans from Mexican Bursera spp","volume":"23","author":"Marcotullio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"R23-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.10.034","article-title":"Preliminary study of the anti-inflammatory activity of hexane extract and fractions from Bursera simaruba (Linneo) Sarg. (Burseraceae) leaves","volume":"116","author":"Carretero","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"R24-3-20240909","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of tectona grandis L.f., Bursera simaruba (L. Antimicrobial activity of tectona grandis L f, Bursera simaruba (L) Sarg and Cedrela odorata L","volume":"13","author":"Rojas Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev Cubana Plant Med"},{"key":"R25-3-20240909","first-page":"527","article-title":"Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from branch bark of Bursera simaruba","volume":"13","author":"Bah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bol Latinoam Caribe Planta Med Aromat"},{"key":"R26-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2015.1007456","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of lupene-derived pentacyclic triterpenoids from Bursera simaruba on HSV-1 and HSV-2 in vitro replication","volume":"29","author":"\u00c1lvarez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Prod Res"},{"key":"R27-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.5455\/jice.20170706061922","article-title":"Exploratory studies of some Mexican medicinal plants: Cardiovascular effects in rats with and without hypertension","volume":"6","author":"Magos-Guerrero","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Intercult Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"R28-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.108713","article-title":"Phytochemicals and biological activities of mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.): A review","volume":"126","author":"Pereira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"R29-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.22490\/24629448.1731","article-title":"Traditional medicine in the community of San Basilio de Palenque","volume":"14","author":"Quintana Arias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nova"},{"key":"R30-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-2709-0","article-title":"Delineation of attenuation of oxidative stress and mutagenic stress by Murraya exotica L.leaves","volume":"5","author":"Kaur","year":"2016","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"R31-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735416678981","article-title":"Promising compounds from murraya exotica for cancer metastasis chemoprevention","volume":"16","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Integr Cancer Ther"},{"key":"R32-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.7b00518","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory prenylated phenylpropenols and coumarin derivatives from murraya exotica","volume":"81","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"R33-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1308541","article-title":"Antiplasmodial and antipyretic activity and safety evaluation of the methanolic leaf extract of Murraya exotica (L.)","volume":"2020","author":"Forkuo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Parasitol Res"},{"key":"R34-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.77.5.284","article-title":"Manchineel keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"77","author":"Pitts","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R35-3-20240909","first-page":"346","article-title":"Manchineel apple of death","volume":"30","author":"Muscat","year":"2019","journal-title":"EJIFCC"},{"key":"R36-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.1.331","article-title":"Potent antimalarial activity of clotrimazole in in vitro cultures of Plasmodium falciparum","volume":"97","author":"Tiffert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"R37-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1021\/np0780093","article-title":"Antiplasmodial triterpenoids from Ekebergia capensis","volume":"71","author":"Murata","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"R38-3-20240909","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1039\/b507874c","article-title":"The chemistry and biology of organic guanidine derivatives","volume":"25","author":"Berlinck","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Prod Rep"}],"container-title":["Tropical Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/tp.tp_9_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:16:44Z","timestamp":1787757404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/tp.tp_9_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/tp.tp_9_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["2229-5070"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2229-5070","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}}}