{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:34:59Z","timestamp":1787762099855,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurofibromatosis of the genitourinary tract is rare, with a prevalence of 0.65%, and it is exceedingly rare to involve the external genitalia. Involvement of the clitoris, labia majora, and prepuce was reported with clitoromegaly being the most frequently occurring. Herein, we are reporting the case of a 6-year-old girl who was diagnosed with a neurofibroma of the clitoris; measuring 9.4 cm in its largest dimension. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest clitoral neurofibroma reported in the literature. Due to the rarity of such cases and reports limitations in the literature, the diagnosis of neurofibroma of the external genitalia requires a high index of suspicion by health-care providers. Surgical excision and postoperative follow-up for possible recurrence remain the gold standard of management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ua.ua_86_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T06:24:04Z","timestamp":1689661444000},"page":"328-330","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Neurofibroma of the external genitalia, extreme enlargement of the clitoris"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Razan","family":"Almesned","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology Division, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Alhagbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology Division, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology Division, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alshayie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology Division, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naif","family":"Alqarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology Division, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Alshammari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology Division, King Faisal Specialists Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52902-2.00053-9","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1):Diagnosis and management","volume":"115","author":"Ferner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"R3-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2008.01.074","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis type 1 with external genitalia involvement presentation of 4 patients","volume":"43","author":"Pascual-Castroviejo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320550316","article-title":"Clitoromegaly in neurofibromatosis","volume":"55","author":"Sutphen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"R5-20240828","first-page":"282","article-title":"Clitoral enlargement simulating pseudohermaphroditism","volume":"99","author":"Haddad","year":"1960","journal-title":"AMA J Dis Child"},{"key":"R6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550010065042","article-title":"The diagnostic evaluation and multidisciplinary management of neurofibromatosis 1 and neurofibromatosis 2","volume":"278","author":"Gutmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R7-20240828","first-page":"220","article-title":"Neurofibromatosis presenting as painless clitoromegaly","volume":"6","author":"Cost","year":"2009","journal-title":"Urol J"}],"container-title":["Urology Annals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ua.ua_86_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:15:19Z","timestamp":1787760919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ua.ua_86_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ua.ua_86_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0974-7796","0974-7834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0974-7796","type":"print"},{"value":"0974-7834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-01","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-12","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}