{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T10:12:36Z","timestamp":1771236756235,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Medknow","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic had profound implications for patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), both in the short- and long-term. In this article, we provide an overview of the effects of the pandemic on individuals with preexisting cardiovascular conditions. In the short term, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection increased the risk of many cardiovascular events. Furthermore, the pandemic has disrupted health-care systems worldwide, leading to constraints in routine care, and limited access to specialized cardiovascular services and procedure. This has resulted in increased morbidity and mortality rates among patients with CVD (coronary artery disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, heart failure (HF), heart transplant recipients, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, previous stroke, or previous peripheral artery disease). In the long term, the COVID-19 impact on patients with CVD extends beyond the acute phase of the disease. Studies have highlighted the development of long-term cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 survivors, such as acute coronary syndrome myocarditis, HF, stroke, venous thromboembolism, and arrhythmias, which may lead to a surge of new cases associated with CVD in the postpandemic era. Health-care systems must prioritize cardiovascular care, developing strategies to identify the patients at higher risk and provide the care to minimize the impact of the pandemic on patients with CVD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/hm.hm-d-23-00043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T10:30:35Z","timestamp":1701253835000},"page":"217-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Short- and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with cardiovascular diseases: A mini-review"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Caldeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Hospital, CHULN, CAML, CCUL@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Evidence-Based Medicine Center (CEMBE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon (Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa), Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Hospital, CHULN, CAML, CCUL@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Greg\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Hospital, CHULN, CAML, CCUL@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Pl\u00e1cido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Hospital, CHULN, CAML, CCUL@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fausto J.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Hospital, CHULN, CAML, CCUL@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"2581","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1570","article-title":"Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. 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