{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:33:06Z","timestamp":1774560786847,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"The Korean Society of Pathologists and The Korean Society for Cytopathology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R1F1A1061920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1F1A1061920"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and ICT"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002551","name":"Seoul National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["800-20190386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["800-20190386"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002551","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"HUNKIM Family Charitable Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpatholtm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Pathol Transl Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Primary adrenal (PA) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was previously reported as an aggressive subset of DLBCL, but its genetic features were not sufficiently characterized. From our previous study of DLBCL with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) gene alterations, we focused on PD-L1 gene alterations in PA-DLBCL with clinicopathologic implications. Methods: We performed fluorescence in situ hybridization for PD-L1 gene translocation and amplification in PA-DLBCL (n = 18) and comparatively analyzed clinicopathologic characteristics with systemic non-adrenal (NA)-DLBCL (n = 90). Results: PA-DLBCL harbored distinctive features (vs. NADLBCL), including high international prognostic index score (3\u20135) (72% [13\/18] vs. 38% [34\/90], p = .007), poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score (\u2265 2) (47% [7\/15] vs. 11% [10\/90], p = .003), elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (78% [14\/18] vs. 51% [44\/87], p = .035) and MUM1 expression (87% [13\/15] vs. 60% [54\/90], p = .047). Moreover, PA-DLBCL showed frequent PD-L1 gene alterations (vs. NA-DLBCL) (39% [7\/18] vs. 6% [5\/86], p = .001), including translocation (22% [4\/18] vs. 3% [3\/87], p = .016) and amplification (17% [3\/18] vs. 2% [2\/87], p = .034). Within the PA-DLBCL group, PD-L1 gene\u2013altered cases (vs. non-altered cases) tended to have B symptoms (p = .145) and elevated LDH (p = .119) but less frequent bulky disease (\u2265 10 cm) (p = .119). In the survival analysis, PA-DLBCL had a poor prognosis for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (vs. NA-DLBCL; p = .014 and p = .004). Within the PA-DLBCL group, PD-L1 translocation was associated with shorter OS and PFS (p &lt; .001 and p = .012). Conclusions: PA-DLBCL is a clinically aggressive and distinct subset of DLBCL with frequent PD-L1 gene alterations. PD-L1 gene translocation was associated with poor prognosis in PA-DLBCL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4132\/jptm.2021.10.05","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,15]],"date-time":"2021-11-15T07:32:44Z","timestamp":1636961564000},"page":"32-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4132\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinicopathologic implication of PD-L1 gene alteration in primary adrenal diffuse large B cell lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.4132","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8774-1204","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ki 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Ho","family":"Paik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2611","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-01-643569"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020002098"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-07-740993"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2016.66.4482"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa1411087"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1689-y"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-10-535443"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-10-673236"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-001903"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e21016"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-013-1812-3"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-8722-5-49"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcw174"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2009.87"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.15213"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-08-1608"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-05-1545"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00550"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.568931"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2015.01.005"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2404856"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800876"}],"container-title":["Journal 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