{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T01:36:37Z","timestamp":1777512997036,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the primary inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The current therapy aims at decreasing inflammation and reducing symptoms. This typically requires immune suppression by steroids, thiopurines, methotrexate, or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Patients may be unreceptive to medical therapy, and some may discontinue the treatment due to adverse effects. Noninvasive, transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is currently used as a treatment for depression and epilepsy, and it is being investigated for the treatment of conditions such as multiple sclerosis, migraines, and Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of splenic and vagus nerve functions in the inflammatory process through the production of certain cytokines. We hypothesize that using transcutaneous VNS via the auricular afferent branch could achieve a selective anti-inflammatory effect on the intestinal wall. This review examines the possibility of using vagal stimulators as a therapy for IBD. This could open the door to novel treatments for numerous vagally mediated diseases characterized by poor responses to current therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4137\/cgast.s31779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,6]],"date-time":"2015-12-06T16:28:49Z","timestamp":1449419329000},"page":"CGast.S31779","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Bioelectrical Stimulation for the Reduction of Inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease"],"prefix":"10.4137","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ryan","family":"Marshall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Lahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas L.","family":"Abell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, GI Motility Clinic, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA."},{"name":"Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nitin K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian R.","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA."},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 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