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In the era of biologics, laboratory tests have become essential to evaluate the inflammatory burden of the disease (C-reactive protein, fecal calprotectin) since symptoms-based scores are subjective, to predict the response to pharmacological options and the risk of relapse, to discriminate CD from ulcerative colitis, to select candidates to anti-tumor necrosis factors [screening tests looking for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus status and latent tuberculosis], to assess the risk of adverse events (testing for thiopurine metabolites and thiopurine-methyltransferase activity), and to personalize and optimize therapy (therapeutic drug monitoring). Pharmacogenetics, though presently confined to the assessment of thiopurineme methyltransferase polymorphisms and hematological toxicity associated with thiopurine treatment, is a promising field that will contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the variability in response to the drugs used in CD with the attempt to expand personalized care and precision medicine strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4137\/cgast.s38203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]],"date-time":"2016-08-18T17:23:23Z","timestamp":1471541003000},"page":"CGast.S38203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The Role of Laboratory Tests in Crohn's Disease"],"prefix":"10.4137","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Cappello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Registrar in Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Dipartimento Biomedico 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