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In addition to VTE, arterial occlusion with stroke and anginal symptoms is relatively common among cancer patients, and is possibly related to genetic predisposition. Several risk factors for developing venous thrombosis usually coexist in cancer patients including surgery, hospital admissions and immobilization, the presence of an indwelling central catheter, chemotherapy, use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and new molecular-targeted therapies such as antiangiogenic agents. Effective prophylaxis and treatment of VTE reduced morbidity and mortality, and improved quality of life. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is preferred as an effective and safe means for prophylaxis and treatment of VTE. It has largely replaced unfractionated heparin (UFH) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Recently, the development of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) that directly inhibit factor Xa or thrombin is a milestone achievement in the prevention and treatment of VTE. This review will focus on the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cancer-associated thrombosis, risk factors, and new predictive biomarkers for VTE as well as discuss novel prevention and management regimens of VTE in cancer according to published guidelines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4137\/cmo.s18991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]],"date-time":"2014-12-04T14:59:58Z","timestamp":1417705198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: An Overview"],"prefix":"10.4137","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ghaleb","family":"Elyamany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt."},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Blood Bank, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Mattar","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Bukhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-CMO.S18991","first-page":"188","volume":"1","author":"Bouillard J.B.","year":"1823","journal-title":"Arch Gen Med."},{"key":"bibr2-CMO.S18991","first-page":"654","volume":"3","author":"Trousseau A.","year":"1865","journal-title":"Clin Med Hotel-dieu Paris."},{"key":"bibr3-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/co.2008.177"},{"key":"bibr4-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation.V2012.1.626.3798655"},{"key":"bibr5-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(03)00347-5"},{"key":"bibr6-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(05)70207-2"},{"key":"bibr7-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000093551"},{"key":"bibr8-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdp068"},{"key":"bibr9-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02374.x"},{"key":"bibr10-CMO.S18991","first-page":"128","volume":"24","author":"Donati M.B.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Haemostasis."},{"key":"bibr11-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa025313"},{"key":"bibr12-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2012.10.021"},{"key":"bibr13-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:THRO.0000014589.17314.24"},{"key":"bibr14-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2005.10.015"},{"key":"bibr15-CMO.S18991","first-page":"126","volume":"17","author":"Gomes M.P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncology (Williston Park)."},{"key":"bibr16-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.06.058"},{"key":"bibr17-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-04-460121"},{"key":"bibr18-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001275"},{"key":"bibr19-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(09)70137-9"},{"key":"bibr20-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05292.x"},{"key":"bibr21-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.07.4393"},{"key":"bibr22-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(07)70143-3"},{"key":"bibr23-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07357900802656681"},{"key":"bibr24-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23062"},{"key":"bibr25-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05078.x"},{"key":"bibr26-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.656"},{"key":"bibr27-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-01-0108"},{"key":"bibr28-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.15.1653"},{"key":"bibr29-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032691"},{"key":"bibr30-CMO.S18991","first-page":"78","volume":"4","author":"Karimi M.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Open Cardiovasc Med J."},{"key":"bibr31-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000130465.23430.74"},{"key":"bibr32-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91690-3"},{"key":"bibr33-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1079253"},{"key":"bibr34-CMO.S18991","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/blre.2001.0149"},{"key":"bibr35-CMO.S18991","unstructured":"KhoranaA.A., LiebmanH.A., WhiteR.H. 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