{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T02:05:39Z","timestamp":1792807539240,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Med Insights Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer cachexia affects many advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Cachexia index (CXI) was developed to assess the degree of cachexia in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with metastatic NSCLC diagnosed between January 1, 2000, and June 30, 2011, at our institution were retrospectively studied. Abdominal computed tomography scans done within 1 month of diagnosis were reviewed to estimate skeletal muscle area (SMA) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the L3 level. CXI was developed as follows: [Formula: see text] where SMI is the skeletal muscle index, Alb is the serum albumin, and NLR is the NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier method. Survival among various factors was calculated using the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression was used to perform survival analysis in order to estimate the effects of various factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients were divided into two groups around the median into stage I cachexia (CXI \u226535, n = 56) and stage II cachexia (CXI &lt;35, n = 56). Groups did not differ in age, gender, ethnicity, or histology of cancer. Patients with stage II cachexia had significantly worse PFS (2.45 vs 5.43 months, P &lt; 0.0001) and OS (3.45 vs 8.8 months, P = 0.0001) than those with stage I cachexia. On multivariate analysis adjusting for gender, race, and histology, patients with stage II cachexia were found to have worse PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27\u20132.95) and OS (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.0009\u20132.34).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CXI is a novel index for estimating cachexia that also correlates with prognosis in both men and women with advanced NSCLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4137\/cmo.s30891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,9]],"date-time":"2015-11-09T15:12:23Z","timestamp":1447081943000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Cachexia Index in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.4137","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Syed Hasan Raza","family":"Jafri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Previgliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, LA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keerti","family":"Khandelwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, LA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runhua","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, LA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-CMO.S30891","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21208"},{"key":"bibr2-CMO.S30891","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00074807"},{"key":"bibr3-CMO.S30891","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(02)00233-4"},{"key":"bibr4-CMO.S30891","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000227129"},{"key":"bibr5-CMO.S30891","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7"},{"key":"bibr6-CMO.S30891","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.10.006"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr7-CMO.S30891","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/NJH.0b013e318255ad8a","volume":"14","author":"Ferraro C.D.","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hosp Palliat 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