{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:19:58Z","timestamp":1791897598555,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,22]],"date-time":"2014-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405987200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mechanism between ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and multiple organ injury is unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate the mechanisms of VILI-induced distal organ injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      VILI was induced in rat lungs with high tidal volume (V\n                      <jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) ventilation of 40 mL\/kg for 6 h. Rats with low V\n                      <jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>\n                      ventilation of 6 mL\/kg served as controls. Inflammatory and apoptotic indices in lung and distal organs were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      VILI increased lung weight, airway pressure, inflammation, and apoptotic pathologic changes without hemodynamic changes. The white blood cell count and the levels of H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were higher in the VILI group compared with the control group. H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , IL-1\u03b2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in blood from the left ventricle were up-regulated. H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , IL-1\u03b2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38, nuclear factor kappa B, and caspase-3 in lung, heart, liver, and kidney tissues in the VILI group were up-regulated. Furthermore, the apoptotic score for the kidneys was higher than those for other distal organs in the VILI group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      High V\n                      <jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>\n                      ventilation induces VILI and is associated with inflammation and apoptosis in distal organs. Up-regulation of reactive oxygen species and cytokines in VILI is associated with systemic inflammatory responses. Kidney tissue appears to be more vulnerable than heart and liver tissues following VILI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,23]],"date-time":"2014-07-23T03:40:59Z","timestamp":1406086859000},"page":"1422-1432","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Spillover of Cytokines and Reactive Oxygen Species in Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury Associated With Inflammation and Apoptosis in Distal Organs"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Yung-Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Respiratory Therapy, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan."},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Huei","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Respiratory Therapy, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan."},{"name":"Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine and the Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan."},{"name":"Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiao-Hui","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Respiratory Therapy, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiou-Ling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Respiratory Therapy, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Han","family":"Jheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Respiratory Therapy, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay H","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005043421801"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000150652.91411.66"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"485","article-title":"Causes of mortality in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"132","author":"Montgomery AB","year":"1985","unstructured":"Montgomery AB, , Stager MA, , Carrico CJ, , Hudson LD. 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