{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:53:38Z","timestamp":1790754818802,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of humidified oxygen via high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) alternating with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We performed a prospective observational study in a 12-bed ICU of a university hospital. All subjects with a P\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        aO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      \/F\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        IO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      of \u2264 300 mm Hg with standard mask oxygen and a breathing frequency of &gt; 30 breaths\/min or signs of respiratory distress were included and treated with HFNC first and then NIV. Ventilatory parameters, blood gases, and tolerance were recorded during 2 consecutive sessions of NIV and HFNC. Outcome was assessed after continuation of this noninvasive strategy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-eight subjects with AHRF were studied, including 23 (82%) with ARDS. Compared with standard oxygen therapy, P\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        aO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      significantly increased from 83 (68\u201397) mm Hg to 108 (83\u2013140) mm Hg using HFNC and to 125 (97\u2013200) mm Hg using NIV (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01), whereas breathing frequency significantly decreased. HFNC was significantly better tolerated than NIV, with a lower score on the visual analog scale. The non-intubated subjects received HFNC for 75 (27\u2013127) h and NIV for 23 (8\u201331) h. Intubation was required in 10 of 28 subjects (36%), including 8 of 23 subjects with ARDS (35%). After HFNC initiation, a breathing frequency of \u2265 30 breaths\/min was an early factor associated with intubation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HFNC was better tolerated than NIV and allowed for significant improvement in oxygenation and tachypnea compared with standard oxygen therapy in subjects with AHRF, a large majority of whom had ARDS. Thus, HFNC may be used between NIV sessions to avoid marked impairment of oxygenation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.03075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,8]],"date-time":"2014-10-08T00:27:06Z","timestamp":1412728026000},"page":"170-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":168,"title":["Sequential Application of Oxygen Therapy Via High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Noninvasive Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure: An Observational Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Frat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale"},{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, CIC-1402, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, Poitiers, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Brugiere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Ragot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, CIC-1402, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, Poitiers, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Chatellier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Veinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Goudet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00e9mi","family":"Coudroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Petitpas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement d'Anesth\u00e9sie-R\u00e9animation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Robert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale"},{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, CIC-1402, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, Poitiers, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud W","family":"Thille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00e9animation M\u00e9dicale"},{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, CIC-1402, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, Poitiers, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Girault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Intensive Care Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rouen, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Rouen, France and UPRES EA 3830-IRIB, Rouen University, Rouen, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199509283331301"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-11-200306030-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.24.3124"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0229-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0324-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000300084.67277.90"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000251821.44259.F3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.10551653"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2475-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-001-1114-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.18.2352"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.10550408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-011-2354-6"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"2526","article-title":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome: the Berlin definition","volume":"307","author":"ARDS Definition Task Force","year":"2012","unstructured":"ARDS Definition Task Force, Ranieri VM, , Rubenfeld GD, , Thompson BT, , Ferguson ND, , Caldwell E, et al. 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