{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:26:33Z","timestamp":1792268793601,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]],"date-time":"2015-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447113600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infrequent serious complications of convex-probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) have been reported. The aim of this study was to assess serious complications related to convex-probe EBUS-TBNA and to determine the complication rate in a large group of subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective study, a 15-item questionnaire on features of cases with EBUS-TBNA complications was sent to experienced bronchoscopists performing convex-probe EBUS-TBNA at 3 pulmonary centers. The medical records were then reviewed by these bronchoscopists to complete the questionnaire. Hemorrhage responsive to topical treatment, temporary laryngospasm\/bronchospasm, transient oxygen desaturation, and fever lasting &lt;24 h were excluded. Only complications requiring further treatment\/intervention were considered serious. The rate of serious complications was calculated from the obtained data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a total of 3,123 cases within a 5-y period, EBUS-TBNA was performed for staging lung cancer in 15.8%, diagnosis in 67.5%, and diagnosis and staging in 16.3%. Of the 3,123, 11.6% had parenchymal lesions adjacent to major airways. EBUS-TBNA was performed 11,753 times (3.76\/case) at 6,115 lymph node stations and lesions (1.92\/station or lesion). Five serious complications were recorded (0.16%): fever lasting &gt;24 h, infection of bronchogenic cyst, mediastinal abscess, pericarditis, and pneumomediastinitis with empyema, each in one case. Four complications occurred in cases diagnosed with benign disease by EBUS-TBNA. All complications were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Four subjects were hospitalized for 21.7 \u00b1 20.7 d.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Convex-probe EBUS-TBNA is a safe method in general. However, serious complications, including infections, can be encountered rarely. All precautions should be taken for complications before and during the procedure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.03838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]],"date-time":"2015-11-10T20:48:30Z","timestamp":1447188510000},"page":"243-248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Complications of Convex-Probe Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Benan","family":"\u00c7a\u011flayan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayd\u0131n","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atat\u00fcrk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Interventional Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Semra","family":"Bila\u00e7ero\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Izmir Dr. Suat Seren Training and Research Hospital for Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Izmir, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sevda \u015eener","family":"C\u00f6mert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilg\u00fcn Y","family":"Demirci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atat\u00fcrk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Interventional Pulmonology, Ankara, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banu","family":"Salep\u00e7i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1362"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00097908"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5761\/atcs.cr.12.02015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.11.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2010.11.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8090-5-33"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000332925"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00025708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0b013e3181f9eac8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-14-50"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201202-0294OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000357066"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.02123.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-0350"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"362","article-title":"Diagnosis of benign cysts of the mediastinum: the role and risks of EUS and FNA","volume":"58","author":"Wildi SM","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wildi SM, , Hoda RS, , Fickling W, , Schmulewitz N, , Varadarajulu S, , Roberts SS, et al. Diagnosis of benign cysts of the mediastinum: the role and risks of EUS and FNA. 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