{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:52:32Z","timestamp":1777891952495,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]],"date-time":"2016-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this work was to evaluate the time course of clinical and health-related quality of life outcomes of long-stay ICU survivors' and caregivers' burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 23 subjects of mixed diagnosis (66 \u00b1 11 y, body mass index 26.5 \u00b1 5.6 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) with a recent episode of acute respiratory failure needing in-hospital rehabilitation. Subjects and caregivers were evaluated at hospital discharge (T0,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 23) and 6 months later (T6,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 16). At T0 and T6, subjects' clinical status (Dependence Nursing Scale), FVC (percent-of-predicted FVC and percent-of-predicted FEV), maximum inspiratory\/expiratory pressures, effort tolerance (sit-to-stand, Takahashi test, 6-min walking distance), and disability (Barthel index) were evaluated. EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), McGill Quality of Life, General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A\/HADS-D) were assessed. Caregivers' burden was measured by the Family Strain Questionnaire short form and Caregiver Needs Assessment. Correlation between subjects' clinical status and caregiver assessments was performed at T0.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At T0, subjects showed compromised EQ-5D\n                      <jats:sub>index<\/jats:sub>\n                      (0.42 \u00b1 0.28); 69% of caregivers had high Family Strain Questionnaire and moderate Caregiver Needs Assessment scores (30 \u00b1 13). EQ-5D\n                      <jats:sub>index<\/jats:sub>\n                      was significantly related to Dependence Nursing Scale score (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001), percent-of-predicted FVC (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .02), effort tolerance (all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01), disability (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001), and caregiver Family Strain Questionnaire score (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .02). At T6, subjects significantly improved percent-of-predicted FVC (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05), maximum expiratory pressure (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01), effort tolerance (all\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05), disability (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .02), and EQ-5D\n                      <jats:sub>index<\/jats:sub>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05), whereas caregivers' burden scores were unchanged. However, the percentage of caregivers with strain increased.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In prolonged-ICU-stay survivors, EQ-5D\n                      <jats:sub>index<\/jats:sub>\n                      at hospital discharge is related to clinical status and caregivers' strain. Subjects' clinical status and EQ-5D\n                      <jats:sub>index<\/jats:sub>\n                      improves over time, but caregivers' burden remains high, suggesting the need to monitor\/support caregivers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,13]],"date-time":"2016-01-13T04:16:48Z","timestamp":1452658608000},"page":"405-415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Impact of Clinical and Quality of Life Outcomes of Long-Stay ICU Survivors Recovering From Rehabilitation on Caregivers' Burden"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Comini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Direzione Sanitaria Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS Lumezzane (Brescia), Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvana","family":"Rocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Psicologia Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS Lumezzane (Brescia), Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gisella","family":"Bruletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Psicologia Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS Lumezzane (Brescia), Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mara","family":"Paneroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisione di Pneumologia Riabilitativa, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS Lumezzane (Brescia), Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Bertolotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Psicologia Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS Tradate (Varese), Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Vitacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisione di Pneumologia Riabilitativa, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS Lumezzane (Brescia), Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02262"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"1501","volume-title":"Principles and practice of mechanical ventilation","author":"Sutherland Herridge M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sutherland Herridge M. 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