{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T02:40:09Z","timestamp":1782960009883,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant concern exists regarding the respiratory health of military personnel deployed to Southwest Asia, given their exposures to numerous environmental hazards. Although the deployed military force is generally assumed to be fit, the pre-deployment respiratory health of these individuals is largely unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Soldiers deploying to Southwest Asia were recruited from the pre-deployment processing center at Fort Hood, Texas. Participants completed a general and respiratory health questionnaire and performed baseline spirometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One thousand six hundred ninety-three pre-deployment evaluations were completed. The average age of the participants was 32.2 y, and 83.1% were male. More than one third of surveyed solders had a smoking history, 73% were overweight or obese, and 6.2% reported a history of asthma. Abnormal spirometry was found in 22.3% of participants. Soldiers with abnormal spirometry reported more asthma (10.1% vs 5.1%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001), failed physical fitness tests (9.0% vs 4.6%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .02), and respiratory symptoms (32.8% vs 24.3%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first prospective pre-deployment evaluation of military personnel that delineates factors potentially associated with the development of pulmonary symptoms and\/or disease. This study suggests that deploying soldiers are older, heavier, frequently smoke, and may have undiagnosed pre-deployment lung disease. Abnormal spirometry is common but may not represent underlying disease. Self-reported asthma, wheezing, and slower 2-mile run times were predictive of abnormal spirometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre-deployment evaluation of military personnel identified numerous soldiers with active pulmonary symptoms and abnormal spirometry. When combined with questions regarding asthma history, wheezing and exercise intolerance, spirometry may identify individuals at risk for deployment-related respiratory complaints.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]],"date-time":"2017-05-02T20:25:34Z","timestamp":1493756734000},"page":"1148-1155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Health of Military Personnel Before Southwest Asia Deployment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Andrew J","family":"Skabelund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary\/Critical Care Service, Department of Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Frederic A","family":"Rawlins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary\/Critical Care Service, Keesler Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, Mississippi."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward T","family":"McCann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary\/Critical Care Service, Department of Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua A","family":"Lospinoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary\/Critical Care Service, Department of Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Burroughs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meridian Health Care, Rockdale, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger A","family":"Gallup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seton Medical Center, Harker Heights, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary\/Critical Care Service, Department of Medicine, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"173","article-title":"Deployment-related respiratory issues","author":"Morris MJ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morris MJ, , Rawlins FA, , Forbes DA, , Skabelund AJ, , Lucero PF. Deployment-related respiratory issues. US Army Med Dep J, 2016; Apr-Sep(2-16):173\u2013178.","journal-title":"US Army Med Dep J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370802672891"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201402-0372OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2010.31.3383"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02770903.2014.973502"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Naval Health Research Center United States Army Public Health Command (Provisional). Epidemiological studies of health outcomes among troops deployed to burn pit sites. Silver Spring Maryland: Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center; 2010. https:\/\/www.vetshq.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/files\/sites\/11\/2013\/10\/Epidemiological-Studies-of-Health-Outcomes-Among-Troops-Deployed-to-Burn-Pit-Sites.pdf. 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Occup Med Health Aff, 2013. doi: 10.4172\/2329-6879.1000117.","journal-title":"Occup Med Health Aff"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1101388"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.172.12.1264"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e31825297ba"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e31824fe102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.1.9712108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.22.2488"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e318253356c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"Trends in rates of chronic obstructive respiratory conditions among US military personnel, 2001-2013","author":"Abraham JH","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abraham JH, , Clark LL, , Sharkey JM, , Baird CP. Trends in rates of chronic obstructive respiratory conditions among US military personnel, 2001-2013. US Army Med Dep J, 2014; Jul-Sep:33\u201343.","journal-title":"US Army Med Dep J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000000675"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/167.4.281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Airborne hazards related to deployment","author":"Morris MJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Morris MJ, , Eschenbacher W. Chapter 9. Discussion summary: Recommendation for surveillance spirometry in military personnel. In: Baird CP, , Harkins DK, editors. Airborne hazards related to deployment. 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