{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T11:39:08Z","timestamp":1784720348497,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), a form of noninvasive respiratory support, is effective for the treatment of respiratory distress in ICUs. Although HFNC has been used outside of the ICU, there is little research that examines its safety in this less-monitored setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children \u2264 24 months old admitted with bronchiolitis to a pediatric floor at a tertiary care center from April 1 2013, to March 31 2015, were identified by using standard diagnostic codes. Exclusion criteria were concomitant pneumonia or complex comorbidities. Demographic and clinical characteristics were abstracted. Outcomes included transfer to the ICU, higher levels of respiratory support, intubation, pneumothorax, or aspiration events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty children admitted with bronchiolitis who were treated with HFNC while on the pediatric floor were examined. The median age was 4.6 months, 45% were girls, and the majority were either Hispanic (41%) or black (36%). Flow ranged from 3 to 10 L\/min. Thirty-three subjects (41% of the sample) required subsequent transfer to the ICU. No children were intubated or developed a pneumothorax. Eighty-three percent were fed while on HFNC. No children had an aspiration event.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HFNC may be a safe modality of respiratory support outside of the ICU for children ages \u2264 24 months with bronchiolitis and without comorbidities up to a maximum flow of 10 L\/min. There were no adverse events among the subjects who were fed while on HFNC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.06352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T16:24:04Z","timestamp":1553617444000},"page":"1410-1415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Safety of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Outside the ICU for Previously Healthy Children With Bronchiolitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Nina M","family":"Dadlez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Floating Hospital For Children at Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Esteban-Cruciani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, St. Christopher's Hospital, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asama","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin J","family":"McKenna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Azzarone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William N","family":"Southern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, New York."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"HCUP Kids' Inpatient Database (KID). Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Rockville MD; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2012. Available at http:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/kidoverview.jsp. Accessed January 21 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-3877"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"806","article-title":"Risk factors for hypoxemia and respiratory failure in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis","volume":"33","author":"Chan PW","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chan PW, , Lok FY, , Khatijah SB. Risk factors for hypoxemia and respiratory failure in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. 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High-flow nasal cannula therapy for infants with bronchiolitis. 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