{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T09:55:07Z","timestamp":1775469307225,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n \n Several markers of oxygenation are used as prognostic markers in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Real-world use is limited by the need for invasive measurements and unreliable availability in the electronic health record. A pragmatic, reliable, and accurate marker of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is needed to facilitate epidemiologic studies, clinical trials, and shared decision-making with patients. F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n is easily obtained at the bedside and from the electronic health record. The F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n trajectory may be a valuable marker of recovery in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n This was a historical cohort study of adult subjects admitted to an ICU with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure secondary to community-acquired pneumonia and\/or ARDS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n \n Our study included 2,670 subjects. F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n and S\n \n pO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n were consistently more available than was P\n \n aO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n in the electronic health record: (F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n vs S\n \n pO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n vs P\n \n aO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n : 100 vs 100 vs 72.8% on day 1, and 100 vs 99 vs 21% on day 5). A worsening F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n trajectory was associated with reduced ventilator-free days. From days 2 to 5, every increase in F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n by 10% from the previous day was associated with fewer ventilator-free days (on day 2: adjusted mean \u20131.25 [95% CI \u20131.45 to \u20131.05] d, P < .001). The S\n \n pO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n \/F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n trajectory also provided prognostic information. On days 3 \u2013 5, an increase in S\n \n pO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n \/F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n from the previous day was associated with increased ventilator-free days (on day 3: adjusted mean 2.09 (95% CI 1.44\u20132.74) d; P < .001). S\n \n pO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n \/F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n models did not add predictive information compared with models with F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n alone (on day 2: adjusted F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n vs S\n \n pO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n \/F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n R2 0.122 vs 0.119; and on day 3: 0.153 vs 0.163).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n \n F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n and S\n \n pO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n \/F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n are pragmatic and readily available intermediate prognostic markers in acute hypoxic respiratory failure. The F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n trajectory in the first 5 d of ICU admission provided important prognostic information (ventilator-free days). Although the S\n \n pO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n \/F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n trajectory was also associated with ventilator-free days, it did not provide more information than the F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n trajectory alone.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.09053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T14:21:23Z","timestamp":1629210083000},"page":"1521-1530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["F\n \n IO\n 2<\/sub>\n <\/sub>\n Trajectory as a Pragmatic Intermediate Marker in Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Sarah J","family":"Chalmers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic\u2013Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yewande E","family":"Odeyemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic\u2013Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amos","family":"Lal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic\u2013Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic\u2013Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan D","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic\u2013Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ognjen","family":"Gajic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic\u2013Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hemang","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic\u2013Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.5.1602"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2001.113989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02435.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Administration UFaD. 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