{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T13:06:45Z","timestamp":1778936805289,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Noninvasive ventilation is recommended in hypercapnic respiratory failure secondary to ventilatory failure. Noninvasive ventilation may contribute to aerosol dispersion, which may increase the risk of transmission of COVID 2019. The addition of filters to the ventilator circuit has been recommended to reduce this risk. The aim of this benchtop study was to investigate the impact of adding filters to a ventilator circuit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this benchtop study, a breathing simulator was used with 4 commonly used ventilators. Ventilators were set to approximate the typical settings that are used for patients on long-term noninvasive ventilation. Ventilator performance was then evaluated with 3 circuit configurations in place: circuit A: no filter in situ; circuit B: 1 filter at the simulator end of the circuit; and circuit C: 1 filter at the simulator end of the circuit and a second filter at the ventilator end of the circuit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ventilator variables were impacted by the addition of filters. Measurements of peak pressure (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001), tidal volume\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">(P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001), and peak flow\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">(P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001) decreased between circuit A and circuit C in all ventilators that were tested. Ventilator triggering was less sensitive in 3 of the 4 ventilators and the fourth ventilator did not trigger under the same simulator settings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated that ventilator settings established with filters in situ are not applicable if the ventilator is used without the filters. This is an important clinical consideration for patients who are hospitalized and require noninvasive ventilation in the COVID 2019 era.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.09365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T14:01:40Z","timestamp":1653400900000},"page":"795-800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Filters Alter the Performance of Noninvasive Ventilators"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Julie","family":"Tolson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodney","family":"Hone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Bandiera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Rautela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas J","family":"Churchward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Ridgers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark E","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Worsnop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2334"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"NHS. Specialty guides for patient management during the coronavirus pandemic. 2020. Available at https:\/\/amhp.org.uk\/app\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guidance-Respiratory-Support.pdf. Accessed August 10 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Coronavirus. 2019. Available at https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/hcp\/faq.html. Accessed Aug 11 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035797"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"100768","article-title":"Respiratory support in patients with COVID-19 (outside intensive care unit). A position paper of the Respiratory Support and Chronic Care Group of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases","volume":"78","author":"Rabec C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rabec C, , Gonzalez-Bermejo J. Respiratory Support Chronic Care Group AVO2 of the French society of Respiratory Diseases SPLF; GAVO2 collaborators. Respiratory support in patients with COVID-19 (outside intensive care unit). A position paper of the Respiratory Support and Chronic Care Group of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases. Respir Med Res, 2020; 78:100768.","journal-title":"Respir Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.02.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200406-694OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-1705"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.4187\/respcare.09365","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.4187\/respcare.09365","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.4187\/respcare.09365","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T12:12:15Z","timestamp":1778933535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.4187\/respcare.09365"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.4187\/respcare.09365"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4187\/respcare.09365","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-1324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-1324","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]]}}}