{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:37:32Z","timestamp":1790163452371,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n \n A recently introduced open oxygen mask design was marketed in 2021 (open mask A). The manufacturer claims that the mask \u201c\u2026provides one solution for all your oxygen delivery needs across your patients' continuum of care.\u201d The new oxygen mask specifies flow (1\u201315 L\/min and flush) with an expected F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n from 0.25\u20130.85. This suggests that this mask eliminates the need for multiple oxygen delivery devices as F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n requirements change. This study aimed to describe the F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n performance of the new open oxygen mask and other commonly used oxygen masks.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n \n The following oxygen masks were studied: open mask A, open mask B, simple mask, partial rebreather, and non-rebreather. An adult mannequin head was attached to a breathing simulator, which recorded F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n at the simulated alveolar level. The simulator was set to a closed-loop volume control mode: V\n T<\/jats:sub>\n = 320 mL, compliance = 50 mL\/cm H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O, resistance = 4 cm H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O\/L\/s, breathing frequency = 15 breaths\/min, increase = 25%, hold = 0%, and release = 30%. Oxygen was run through each mask at the recommended flows. Each flow was verified with a flow analyzer before attaching the mask for oxygen measurement. Each experiment was performed twice. The F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n measurements were averaged and compared using a 2-way ANOVA with\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05 indicating significance.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n \n The F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n delivery was significantly different for each device. The measured F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n range was open mask A, 0.30\u20130.60; open mask B, 0.28\u20130.64; simple mask, 0.55\u20130.73; partial non-rebreather, 0.73\u20131.0; non-rebreather, 0.93\u20131.00.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n \n The performance of each oxygen mask from highest to lowest F\n \n IO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:sub>\n : non-rebreather, partial rebreather, simple mask, open mask A, and open mask B. These findings suggest that no oxygen mask tested serves as a substitute for the others across a flow range of 1\u201315 L\/min and flush.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.09399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T14:00:14Z","timestamp":1640095214000},"page":"316-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Oxygen Delivery With an Open Oxygen Mask and Other Conventional Masks: A Simulation-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Morgan E","family":"Sorg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L","family":"Chatburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"905","volume-title":"Egans Fundamentals of Respiratory Care","author":"Heuer A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heuer A. Medical gas therapy. In: Kacmarek RM, , Stosser JK, , Heuer AJ. editors. Egans Fundamentals of Respiratory Care, 11th edition. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017:905-936.","edition":"11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Equipment for Respiratory Care","author":"Lewarski J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lewarski J, , Volsko T. Administering medical gases. In: Volsko TA, , Chatburn RL, , El-Khatib MF. Equipment for Respiratory Care. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2016:33-60."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Vyaire Medical Inc. AirLife open brochure. 2020. Available at: https:\/\/www.vyaire.com\/sites\/us\/files\/2021-05\/vyr-gbl-1900170-2.0-airlife-open-technical-data-sheet_vyaire-only_final.pdf. Accessed May 18 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"Southmedic Inc. OxyMask oxygen therapy brochure. 2018. Available at: https:\/\/southmedic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/OxyMask-wLR.pdf. Accessed May 18 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.288.6426.1261"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"The OxyMask development and performance in healthy volunteers","volume":"2","author":"Paul JE","year":"2008","unstructured":"Paul JE, , Hangan H, , Hajgato J. The OxyMask development and performance in healthy volunteers. Med Devices (Auckl), 2008; 2:9-17.","journal-title":"Med Devices (Auckl)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874321801711010035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Southmedic Inc. OxyArm brochure. 2018. Available at: https:\/\/southmedic.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/OxyArm-Sell-Sheet-1.pdf. Accessed September 14 2021."},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"247","article-title":"Comparison of the OxyMask and Venturi mask in the delivery of supplemental oxygen: pilot study in oxygen-dependent patients","volume":"13","author":"Beecroft JM","year":"2006","unstructured":"Beecroft JM, , Hanly PJ. Comparison of the OxyMask and Venturi mask in the delivery of supplemental oxygen: pilot study in oxygen-dependent patients. Can Respir J, 2006; 13(5):247-252.","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Southmedic OxyMask compared with the Hudson RCI non-rebreather mask: safety and performance comparison","volume":"52","author":"Lamb K","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lamb K, , Piper D. Southmedic OxyMask compared with the Hudson RCI non-rebreather mask: safety and performance comparison. Can J Respir Ther, 2016; 52(1):13-15.","journal-title":"Can J Respir Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-021-04157-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.07027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05775"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1938"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.3.1113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","volume-title":"Handbook of respiratory care","author":"Chatburn RL","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chatburn RL, , Mireles-Cabodevil E. Handbook of respiratory care, 3rd ed.. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2011.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S141976"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02878"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.1998.00318.x"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.4187\/respcare.09399","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.4187\/respcare.09399","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.4187\/respcare.09399","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T09:38:48Z","timestamp":1775468328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.4187\/respcare.09399"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.4187\/respcare.09399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4187\/respcare.09399","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-1324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-1324","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]}}}