{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T10:49:03Z","timestamp":1775472543685,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645574400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is limited evidence on the clinical importance of the endotracheal tube (ETT) size selection in patients with status asthmaticus who require invasive mechanical ventilation. We set out to explore the clinical outcomes of different ETT internal diameter sizes in subjects mechanically ventilated with status asthmaticus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This was a retrospective study of intubated and non-intubated adults admitted for status asthmaticus between 2014\u20132021. We examined in-hospital mortality across subgroups with different ETT sizes, as well as non-intubated subjects, using logistic and generalized linear mixed-effects models. We adjusted for demographics, Charlson comorbidities, the first Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, intubating personnel and setting, COVID-19, and the first P\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        aCO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      . Finally, we calculated the post-estimation predictions of mortality.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We enrolled subjects from 964 status asthmaticus admissions. The average age was 46.9 (SD 14.5) y; 63.5% of the encounters were women and 80.6% were Black. Approximately 72% of subjects (690) were not intubated. Twenty-eight percent (275) required endotracheal intubation, of which 3.3% (32) had a 7.0 mm or smaller ETT (ETT \u2264 7 group), 16.5% (159) a 7.5 mm ETT (ETT \u2264 7.5 group), and 8.6% (83) an 8.0 mm or larger ETT (ETT \u2265 8 group). The adjusted mortality was 26.7% (95% CI 13.2\u201340.2) for the ETT \u2264 7 group versus 14.3% ([(95% CI 6.9\u201321.7%],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .04) for ETT \u2264 7.5 group and 11.0% ([95% CI 4.4\u201317.5],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .02) for ETT \u2265 8 group, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intubated subjects with status asthmaticus had higher mortality than non-intubated subjects. Intubated subjects had incrementally higher observed mortality with smaller ETT sizes. Physiologic mechanisms can support this dose-response relationship<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.09609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T22:50:22Z","timestamp":1645483822000},"page":"283-290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Endotracheal Tube Size Is Associated With Mortality in Patients With Status Asthmaticus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Markos G","family":"Kashiouris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher D","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yub Raj","family":"Sedhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Community Memorial Hospital, Virginia Commonwealth University, South Hill, Virginia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randy","family":"Bitrus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew M","family":"Churpek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Casey","family":"Cable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"L\u2019Heureux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arjun","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Curtis N","family":"Sessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2011.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.5.1616"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200208-902SO"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc1451"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8816729"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21403"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199811000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"Stagg V Hilsden R Quan ELIXHAUSER: H. Stata module to calculate Elixhauser index of comorbidity. EconPapers. 2015. Available at: https:\/\/econpapers.repec.org\/software\/bocbocode\/s458077.htm. Accessed May 14 2021."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1201200209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","unstructured":"Asthma Trends and Burden. American Lung Association. Available at: https:\/\/www.lung.org\/research\/trends-in-lung-disease\/asthma-trends-brief\/trends-and-burden. Accessed May 30 2021."},{"issue":"2010","key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trends in asthma prevalence, health care use, and mortality in the United States","volume":"2012","author":"Akinbami LJ","year":"2001","unstructured":"Akinbami LJ, , Moorman JE, , Bailey C, , Zahran HS, , King M, , Johnson CA, et al. Trends in asthma prevalence, health care use, and mortality in the United States. NCHS Data Brief, 2001; 2012(2010):1-8.","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200601-007OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-1733"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02505"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1103900311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2020.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.8.3.207"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1938"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229238"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12500"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"166","article-title":"Occult positive end-expiratory pressure in mechanically ventilated patients with airflow obstruction: the auto-PEEP effect","volume":"126","author":"Pepe PE","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pepe PE, , Marini JJ. Occult positive end-expiratory pressure in mechanically ventilated patients with airflow obstruction: the auto-PEEP effect. Am Rev Respir Dis, 1982; 126(1):166-170.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05198"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00010002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2012001200024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200208000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2830-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)01056-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201801-0088CI"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199703000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","article-title":"Current practices in endotracheal tube size selection for adults","author":"Cao AC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cao AC, , Rereddy S, , Mirza N. Current practices in endotracheal tube size selection for adults. Laryngoscope, 2020.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2009.11.005"}],"container-title":["Respiratory Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.4187\/respcare.09609","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.4187\/respcare.09609","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.4187\/respcare.09609","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T09:38:40Z","timestamp":1775468320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.4187\/respcare.09609"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.4187\/respcare.09609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4187\/respcare.09609","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-1324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-1324","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]}}}