{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T16:27:45Z","timestamp":1785342465827,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655769600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blunt pulmonary contusions are associated with severe chest injuries and are independently associated with worse outcomes. Previous preclinical studies suggest that contusion progression precipitates poor pulmonary function; however, there are few current clinical data to corroborate this hypothesis. We examined pulmonary dynamics and oxygenation in subjects with pulmonary contusions to evaluate for impaired respiratory function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A chest injury database was reviewed for pulmonary contusions over 5 years at an urban trauma center. This database was expanded to capture mechanical ventilation parameters for the first 7 days on all patients with pulmonary contusion and who were intubated. Daily\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">P<\/mml:mtext>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">aO<\/mml:mtext>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                  <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">2<\/mml:mtext>\n                                <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      :\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">F<\/mml:mtext>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">IO<\/mml:mtext>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                  <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">2<\/mml:mtext>\n                                <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      , oxygenation indexes (OI), and dynamic compliances were calculated. Pulmonary contusions were stratified by severity. The Fisher exact and chi square tests were performed on categorical variables, and Mann-Whitney U-tests were performed on continuous variables. Significance was assessed at a level of 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS: A total of<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      1,176 patients presented with pulmonary contusions, of whom, 301 subjects (25.6%) required intubation and had available invasive mechanical ventilation data. Of these, 144 (47.8%) had mild-moderate pulmonary contusion and 157 (52.2%) had severe pulmonary contusion. Overall injury severity score was high, with a median injury severity score of 29 (interquartile range, 22\u201338). The median duration of mechanical ventilation for mild-moderate pulmonary contusion was 7 d versus 10 d for severe pulmonary contusion (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .048). All the subjects displayed moderate hypoxemia, which worsened until day 4\u20135 after intubation. Severe pulmonary contusion was associated with significantly worse early hypoxia on day 1 and day 2 versus mild-moderate pulmonary contusion. Severe pulmonary contusion also had a higher oxygenation index than mild-moderate pulmonary contusion. This trend persisted after adjustment for other factors, including transfusion and fluid administration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pulmonary contusions played an important role in the course of subjects who were acutely injured and required mechanical ventilation. Contusions were associated with hypoxemia not fully characterized by\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">P<\/mml:mtext>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">aO<\/mml:mtext>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                  <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">2<\/mml:mtext>\n                                <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      :\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">F<\/mml:mtext>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">IO<\/mml:mtext>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                  <mml:mtext mathvariant=\"bold\">2<\/mml:mtext>\n                                <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      , and severe contusions had durable elevations in the oxygenation index despite confounders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.09913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T10:45:38Z","timestamp":1655808338000},"page":"1100-1108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Oxygenation and Respiratory System Compliance Associated With Pulmonary Contusion"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"S Whitney","family":"Zingg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Gomaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C","family":"Blakeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Rodriquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Salvator","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher F","family":"Janowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481708300416"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"1543","article-title":"Blunt pulmonary contusion: admission computed tomography scan predicts mechanical ventilation","volume":"71","author":"de Moya MA","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Moya MA, , Manolakaki D, , Chang Y, , Amygdalos I, , Gao F, , Alam HB, , Velmahos GC. Blunt pulmonary contusion: admission computed tomography scan predicts mechanical ventilation. 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