{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T09:57:25Z","timestamp":1775469445796,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whereas pulmonary exacerbations and aerobic fitness play a key role in the prognosis of cystic fibrosis (CF), the use of ventilatory threshold data as markers of exacerbation risk has been scarcely addressed. This study sought to examine the association between aerobic fitness, assessed through ventilatory threshold variables recorded during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and the risk of exacerbations in individuals with CF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants of this retrospective cohort study were subjects from 6 y of age. Over a 4-y period, the following data were recorded: lung function indicators, CPET variables, time to first exacerbation and antibiotic use, along with demographic, clinical, and anthropometric data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age of 20 subjects included was 16 \u00b1 5.4 y. Univariate regression analysis revealed that lung function (FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      : Cox hazard ratio [HR] 0.97,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .03; and forced expiratory flow between 25\u201375% of vital capacity [FEF\n                      <jats:sub>25\u201375<\/jats:sub>\n                      ]: Cox HR 0.98,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .036) and aerobic fitness (oxygen consumption [V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        O\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      ] at ventilatory threshold: Cox HR 0.94,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .01; and ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide [V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>E<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        CO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      ] at ventilatory threshold: Cox HR 1.13,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .049) were associated with exacerbation risk, whereas in the multivariate model, only V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        O\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      at the ventilatory threshold (%max) (Cox HR 0.92,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .01) had a significant impact on this risk. Consistently, individuals experiencing exacerbation had significantly lower V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        O\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      values (%max) at the ventilatory threshold (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .050) and higher ventilatory equivalent for oxygen consumption (V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>E<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        O\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      ) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .040) and V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>E<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        O\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .037) values at the ventilatory threshold. Time to exacerbation was significantly correlated with V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        O\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      at the ventilatory threshold (r = 0.50,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .02), V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>E<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        O\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      (r = \u22120.48,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .02), and V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>E<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        CO\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      (r = \u22120.50,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .02).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our results suggest an association between CPET variables at the ventilatory threshold and exacerbations. Percentage V\u0307\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        O\n                        <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      at the ventilatory threshold could serve as a complementary variable to monitor exacerbations in people with CF.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.10428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T13:39:28Z","timestamp":1680615568000},"page":"620-627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ventilatory Threshold and Risk of Pulmonary Exacerbations in Cystic Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia E","family":"Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda M","family":"Vendrusculo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"P\u00e9rez-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad F\u00edsica y del Deporte, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcio V F","family":"Donadio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; and Department of Physiotherapy, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00576-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.085019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.3.9802112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2017.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.57.10.847"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2011.161117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.152"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0395-2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-015-0151-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1980.tb07092.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"28","article-title":"Exercise testing in cystic fibrosis: who and why?","volume":"27","author":"Urquhart DS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Urquhart DS, , Saynor ZL. 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