{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T08:16:05Z","timestamp":1790410565849,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respir Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The bag-valve-mask (BVM) or manual resuscitator bag is used as a first-line technique to ventilate patients with respiratory failure. Volume-restricted manual resuscitator bags (eg, pediatric bags) have been suggested to minimize overventilation and associated complications. There are studies that both support and caution against the use of a pediatric resuscitator bag to ventilate an adult patient. In this study, we evaluated the ability of pre-hospital clinicians to adequately ventilate an adult manikin with both an adult- and pediatric-size manual resuscitator bag without the assistance of an advanced airway or airway adjunct device.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study was conducted at an international conference in 2022. Conference attendees with pre-hospital health care experience were recruited to ventilate an adult manikin using a BVM for 1 min with both an adult and pediatric resuscitator bag, without the use of adjunct airway devices, while 6 ventilatory variables were collected or calculated: tidal volume (V\n                      <jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), breathing frequency, adequate breaths (V\n                      <jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>\n                      &gt; 150 mL), proportion of adequate breaths, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), and estimated alveolar ventilation (EAV).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 208 participants completed the study. Ventilation with the adult-sized BVM delivered an average V\n                      <jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>\n                      of 290.4 mL compared to 197.1 mL (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001) when using the pediatric BVM. PIP with the adult BVM was higher than with the pediatric BVM (10.6 cm H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O vs 8.6 cm H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001). The median EAV with the adult bag (1,138.1 [interquartile range [IQR] 194.0\u20132,869.9] mL\/min) was markedly greater than with the pediatric BVM (67.7 [IQR 0\u2013467.3] mL\/min,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both pediatric- and adult-sized BVM provided lower ventilation volumes than those recommended by professional guidelines for an adult. Ventilation with the pediatric BVM was significantly worse than with the adult bag when ventilating a simulated adult subject.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.11588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T10:02:49Z","timestamp":1714471369000},"page":"924-930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Assessment of Ventilation Using Adult and Pediatric Manual Resuscitators in a Simulated Adult Patient"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Joshua M","family":"Justice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and Department of Emergency Medicine, TriStar Centennial Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur S","family":"Slutsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Isennock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamza","family":"Zamir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"J Richard","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark F","family":"Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/emp2.12065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2021.1981506"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2020.1822481"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.09.091"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2022.2066234"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2021.1994676"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2009.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2003.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.2.522"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(99)00117-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2016.1227003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2020.3.45788"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2022.2066235"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2013.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.06.057"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2023.109991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35755\/jmedassocthai.2021.09.10408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-6757(85)90049-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2018.1489020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-021-00451-1"}],"container-title":["Respiratory 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