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This review comprehensively explores postextubation respiratory support strategies, focusing on the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in reducing re-intubation rates among various patient populations. HFNC improves oxygenation and reduces the work of breathing. However, its effectiveness in preventing re-intubation varies according to the patient\u2019s characteristics and the predefined risk for re-intubation. NIV, alternatively, appears to provide substantial advantages in reducing the rates of re-intubation and respiratory failure, especially in patients with obesity and patients with hypercapnia. Therefore, the indiscriminate application of these support strategies without consideration of individual patient characteristics may not improve outcomes, highlighting the need for careful patient selection and tailored therapeutic strategies based on specific risk factors and clinical conditions. By aligning postextubation respiratory support strategies with patient-specific needs, we may improve the success rates of extubation, enhance overall recovery, and reduce the burden of reintubations in the intensive care setting<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.12282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T11:25:16Z","timestamp":1727177116000},"page":"1564-1572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Optimal Postextubation Support in Critically Ill Patients: One Size Does Not Fit All"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Marina","family":"Garc\u00eda-de-Acilu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Parc Taul\u00ed Hospital Universitari, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 i Innovaci\u00f3 Parc Taul\u00ed (I3PT-CERCA), Sabadell, Spain; and Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armand","family":"Sellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Parc Taul\u00ed Hospital Universitari, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 i Innovaci\u00f3 Parc Taul\u00ed (I3PT-CERCA), Sabadell, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; and Hospital General Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oriol","family":"Roca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Parc Taul\u00ed Hospital Universitari, Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 i Innovaci\u00f3 Parc Taul\u00ed (I3PT-CERCA), Sabadell, Spain; Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; and Departament de Medicina, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(22)00449-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00010206"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.158.2.9711045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3182282a5a"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"29","article-title":"Weaning the patient: between protocols and physiology","volume":"27","author":"Haaksma ME","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haaksma ME, , Tuinman PR, , Heunks L. 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