{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T02:18:39Z","timestamp":1774837119729,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Korean Geriatrics Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-agmr.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Geriatr Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The World Health Organization published the 2019 Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework to guide, assess, and promote the intrinsic capacity (IC) of older adults, referring to their physical and mental health. This study aims to investigate the relationship between IC and frailty among older adults.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a medical center in Taiwan in 2021. Two hundred ten patients over 65 admitted to the geriatric ward were invited to participate. The questionnaire included an IC measure, Fried Frailty Scale, and demographic items. The IC measure was ascertained using the six domains of ICOPE (cognition, mobility, nutrition, visual, hearing, and depressive symptoms). The Fried Frailty Scale was used to categorize participants as robust (Fried Frailty Scale=0), prefrail (Fried Frailty Scale=1-2), or frail (Fried Frailty Scale \u22653). Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the association between individual ICOPE domains and frailty stages, while adjusting for confounders. Results: Among the participants, 39.0% were prefrail, and 28.6% were frail. Limited mobility and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with prefrail (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=4.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.82\u201310.82; aOR=8.41, 95% CI 1.75\u201340.37) and frail (aOR=11.57, 95% CI 3.63\u201336.93; aOR=13.77, 95% CI 2.62\u201372.49) individuals, respectively. Malnutrition (aOR=4.01, 95% CI 1.18\u201313.62) and hearing loss (aOR=4.37, 95% CI 1.09\u201319.66) were significantly associated with frail older adults.Conclusion: Limited mobility and depressive symptoms occurring at the prefrail stage could be used as assessment items for early detection of prefrail.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4235\/agmr.25.0125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T10:24:26Z","timestamp":1764671066000},"page":"41-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4235\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The World Health Organization Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) Framework and the Association with Frailty in Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.4235","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Wan-Yun","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kun-Pei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiung-Jung","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2215-2243","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ding-Cheng (Derrick)","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4519-0974","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Su-I","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2749","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"World population ageing 2023: challenges and opportunities of population ageing in the least developed countries [Internet]","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"World health statistics 2024: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals [Internet]","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Abridged life table of Taiwan [Internet]","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"Taiwan Health and welfare indicators: healthy life expectancy [Internet]","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.037"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-05927-x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.m146"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.09.010"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa219"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10050895"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14101096"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(15)00516-4"},{"key":"ref13","volume-title":"Integrated care for older people: guidelines on community-level interventions to manage declines in intrinsic capacity [Internet]","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"Integrated care for older people (ICOPE): guidance for person-centred assessment and pathways in primary care [Internet]","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref15","volume-title":"Integrated care for older people (ICOPE): guidance for person-centred assessment and pathways in primary care, 2nd edition [Internet]","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00133"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05071-5"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2020.8"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03795-4"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2022.28"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13670-019-0276-2"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11556-023-00324-5"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4235\/agmr.22.0021"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000525615"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-04969-4"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-020-1498-x"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14869"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17041436"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/shb.shb_415_23"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy105"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072349"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0283596"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003097"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00881"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-016-0684-3"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2017.10.018"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2020.104067"}],"container-title":["Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/e-agmr.org\/upload\/pdf\/agmr-25-0125.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-agmr.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.4235\/agmr.25.0125","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-agmr.org\/upload\/pdf\/agmr-25-0125.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T01:44:04Z","timestamp":1774835044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/e-agmr.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.4235\/agmr.25.0125"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4235\/agmr.25.0125","relation":{},"ISSN":["2508-4798","2508-4909"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2508-4798","type":"print"},{"value":"2508-4909","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}