{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T16:07:03Z","timestamp":1785514023695,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Diabetes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Icariin (ICA), a natural flavonoid compound monomer, has multiple pharmacological activities. However, its effect on bone defect in the context of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has not yet been examined.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>AIM<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>To explore the role and potential mechanism of ICA on bone defect in the context of T1DM.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>METHODS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The effects of ICA on osteogenesis and angiogenesis were evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Angiogenesis-related assays were conducted to investigate the relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis. A bone defect model was established in T1DM rats. The model rats were then treated with ICA or placebo and micron-scale computed tomography, histomorphometry, histology, and sequential fluorescent labeling were used to evaluate the effect of ICA on bone formation in the defect area.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>ICA promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The ICA treated-BMSCs showed higher expression levels of osteogenesis-related markers (alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin) and angiogenesis-related markers (vascular endothelial growth factor A and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) compared to the untreated group. ICA was also found to induce osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs. In the bone defect model T1DM rats, ICA facilitated bone formation and CD31hiEMCNhi type H-positive capillary formation. Lastly, ICA effectively accelerated the rate of bone formation in the defect area.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>CONCLUSION<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>ICA was able to accelerate bone regeneration in a T1DM rat model by inducing osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v15.i4.769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T00:22:19Z","timestamp":1712794939000},"page":"769-782","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Icariin accelerates bone regeneration by inducing osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling in rats with type 1 diabetes 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